DRAFT LAW SHOWDOWN: New Poll Finds 72% of Jewish Israelis Support Mandatory Military Service for Chareidim
A new public opinion survey has found that 72% of Jewish Israelis support legislation requiring young chareidi men to serve in the Israel Defense Forces, highlighting the considerable public pressure surrounding the military draft controversy as Israel prepares for Tuesday’s Knesset elections.
The findings, attributed to an October survey by the Israel Democracy Institute, underscore the difficult political environment confronting the chareidi parties, which have made protecting the status of yeshiva bochurim one of their central demands in coalition negotiations.
The draft issue has become a major dividing line in Israeli politics, with parties across much of the political spectrum calling for expanded chareidi enlistment while chareidi leaders insist that full-time Torah study must be protected.
The survey was conducted October 5–8 by the Israel Democracy Institute’s Viterbi Family Center for Public Opinion and Policy Research. It included 602 Jewish respondents and 149 Arab respondents, all aged 18 or older, and was published on October 14.
The findings reveal that support for mandatory chareidi enlistment extends well beyond Israel’s political Left.
Among Jewish respondents identifying with the Left, 93.5% supported the proposed conscription legislation, while 89% of those in the political Center expressed support. Even among respondents identifying with the Right, support stood at approximately 62%.
The figures are particularly significant because the chareidi parties have traditionally relied on cooperation with right-wing governments to secure arrangements protecting yeshiva students from military service.
The poll also found that 71% of Jewish respondents supported establishing a state commission of inquiry into the failures surrounding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack. The draft legislation and commission of inquiry received the highest levels of support among the policy proposals presented to Jewish respondents.
The results come amid growing tensions over the status of tens of thousands of chareidi men who have not enlisted in the military.
Following a landmark Supreme Court ruling in June 2024, the government was required to enforce military conscription laws without continuing the broad exemption arrangements previously available to yeshiva students.
The ruling set off a prolonged confrontation between the government, the military establishment, and chareidi leaders, who have warned that attempts to compel yeshiva bochurim to enlist threaten the continued existence of the Torah world.
In the months since, the authorities have increased enforcement measures against draft avoiders, including arrests and restrictions affecting certain government benefits.
The controversy has generated repeated demonstrations in Yerushalayim, Bnei Brak, and other chareidi communities, with rabbonim calling on the public to resist attempts to draft those devoted to Torah study.
The latest polling figures suggest that the political pressure for expanded enlistment is unlikely to disappear after Tuesday’s elections, regardless of which party is tasked with forming the next government.
Opposition parties have made the draft issue a major component of their campaigns, arguing that the burden of military service must be distributed more broadly across Israeli society.
Former IDF Chief of Staff Gadi Eisenkot, one of Netanyahu’s leading challengers, has repeatedly criticized the government’s handling of the conscription issue and has called for legislation that would significantly expand chareidi enlistment.
For Shas and United Torah Judaism, however, protecting the status of bnei yeshivos remains a fundamental condition in negotiations over participation in a future coalition.
Senior rabbonim have emphasized that the preservation of Torah study is a matter of principle and have rejected proposals that would subject yeshiva students to enlistment requirements or punitive sanctions.
The dispute has also strained relations between the chareidi parties and Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, whose government has struggled to advance draft legislation acceptable to its chareidi partners while facing opposition from other political factions and legal authorities.
At a massive gathering in Bnei Brak on Sunday, attended by tens of thousands of chareidim, leading gedolei Yisroel reiterated their opposition to the conscription of yeshiva students and urged the community to remain steadfast in protecting Torah study.
Rav Dov Landau, addressing the gathering, declared, “Never have yeshiva students and kollel scholars been persecuted as they are being persecuted now.”
The latest survey underscores the sharp divide between the positions expressed by the chareidi rabbinic leadership and those held by much of the broader Israeli electorate.
It does not, however, establish that all respondents favor identical enforcement measures, penalties, or exemptions. The survey asked whether the next government should enact an egalitarian conscription law requiring young chareidi men to enlist, rather than testing every possible detail of such legislation.
The distinction could prove important in coalition negotiations, where disagreements over enlistment targets, exemptions for full-time Torah scholars, and sanctions have repeatedly prevented a political compromise.
{Matzav.com}
