IRAN’S WAR ON BRITISH JEWS: MI5 Reveals More Than 50 Arrests as Tehran-Linked Terror Network Targets Shuls, Ambulances and Jewish Businesses
Britain’s domestic intelligence chief has revealed that more than 50 people have been arrested in Iran-linked security operations over the past year, warning that Jewish communities have been among the principal targets of Tehran’s campaign of terrorism and intimidation on British soil.
Sir Ken McCallum, director general of MI5, disclosed the figures during his annual national security assessment on Tuesday, October 13, describing an increasingly aggressive Iranian effort to carry out attacks through criminal operatives recruited to act on behalf of the regime.
The intelligence chief said British authorities had identified Iranian involvement in a series of attacks and suspected plots directed against Jewish institutions, Israeli interests and Iranian opposition figures. He also warned that Tehran has begun expanding its operations to include more heavily protected targets, including military installations.
Addressing the threats facing Britain’s Jewish population, McCallum expressed solidarity with communities that have endured repeated attacks and security scares.
“Sadly, much of this aggression has been aimed at British Jewish communities, with whom I want to express solidarity,” he said.
The MI5 chief described Iran as a government increasingly willing to arrange violence in Britain through intermediaries rather than relying exclusively on its own intelligence officers.
“The other state keen on subcontracting its UK violence is Iran,” McCallum said, explaining that British security officials have been tracking the practice for several years.
He said the regime has used criminal proxies to intimidate political opponents, Iranian media organizations and Israeli-linked sites, while significantly increasing the scope of its activities during 2026.
“Over the last twelve months, our Iran-linked operations have led to more than fifty arrests in the UK,” McCallum disclosed.
The arrests span multiple investigations and do not all relate specifically to threats against Jewish targets.
Among the most disturbing cases highlighted by the intelligence chief was an alleged terrorist plot targeting Manchester’s Jewish community, for which two Iranian nationals were charged earlier this month.
Salam Ahmadyan, 36, of Liverpool, and Rahman Salehi, 34, of Salford, were arrested on September 20, shortly before Yom Kippur, and charged on October 2 with preparing acts of terrorism.
British prosecutors allege that the suspects conducted surveillance of Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation in Manchester and the Jewish Museum in the city’s Cheetham Hill neighborhood.
According to allegations presented in court, the men were communicating with a third individual believed to be in Iran, who provided instructions concerning the construction of a homemade chlorine bomb.
The allegations remain before the courts, and neither defendant has been convicted.
The alleged targets were especially sensitive because Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation had already been the scene of a deadly terrorist attack on Yom Kippur in 2025, when two Jewish worshippers were killed and several others were wounded.
The discovery of another suspected plot involving the same shul has heightened concerns over the continuing vulnerability of Jewish institutions in Britain.
McCallum also drew attention to a wave of arson and sabotage attacks earlier this year against Jewish institutions and businesses in Britain and other European countries.
The attacks included incidents involving Jewish ambulances, shuls and commercial properties, with responsibility claimed by a previously obscure organization calling itself the Islamic Movement of the Companions of the Right.
British intelligence authorities have concluded that the organization functioned as a front for operatives connected to Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
McCallum said the group’s apparent independence concealed its ties to the Iranian regime.
“Behind this front sat members of the IRGC,” he declared.
British authorities have since designated both the organization and the IRGC under the National Security Act, providing additional powers to investigate and prosecute individuals suspected of assisting their activities.
The intelligence chief described the attacks on Jewish communities as deeply disturbing and emphasized that the threat extends beyond individual acts of vandalism or intimidation.
His warning comes amid broader concern that Iran has been recruiting criminals and other intermediaries across Europe to conduct attacks that can be difficult to trace directly to Tehran.
Such operations allow hostile governments to attempt acts of violence while maintaining a degree of separation from those physically carrying them out.
Beyond the attacks on Jewish targets, McCallum revealed that British intelligence has detected a significant escalation in Iranian ambitions, including suspected operations against military facilities.
One of the most serious incidents occurred near RAF Fairford, a British air base used by American military aircraft, including bombers involved in operations against Iran.
On September 27, counterterrorism officers intercepted three vans near the base and arrested seven individuals in connection with a suspected plot.
Those detained were subsequently released on bail while the investigation continued.
The incident reportedly prompted the United States to remove B-1 bombers from the installation as a precaution.
British authorities suspect that the operation may have been connected to the IRGC, although the investigation remains ongoing and no final determination of responsibility has been publicly established.
McCallum warned that the Fairford incident should not be viewed as an isolated development.
“The other major shift this year has been Iranian ambitions to come at harder targets, like military sites,” he said.
He declined to disclose certain details because of continuing investigations and the possibility of future criminal proceedings.
Iran has denied involvement in terrorist plots and other hostile operations on British territory, including the suspected activity near RAF Fairford.
The MI5 director general also identified Russia as Britain’s most aggressive state adversary, warning that Moscow has expanded its use of sabotage, cyberattacks and other hostile activities designed to remain below the threshold of open military conflict.
He said both Russia and Iran have increasingly relied on locally recruited individuals and criminal organizations to conduct operations that would previously have required trained intelligence personnel.
The growing threat has forced MI5 to devote substantially more resources to countering hostile foreign governments, with the agency’s work in that area now approaching the scale of its traditional counterterrorism responsibilities.
McCallum additionally warned that artificial intelligence could make it easier for terrorists and hostile governments to develop sophisticated cyberattacks, operate autonomous weapons and obtain dangerous technical knowledge.
MI5 has established a specialized AI Threat Assessment Centre to examine those emerging risks.
The intelligence chief compared the transformation now confronting Britain’s security services to the changes that followed the September 11 attacks, arguing that the country has entered a fundamentally different security environment.
He said the intelligence agency intends to respond aggressively to those who organize or finance violence in Britain, regardless of whether they operate directly or through intermediaries.
“What I can say is that those who seek to cause mayhem on British streets – whether hired thugs here or their paymasters overseas – will meet an unflinching response,” McCallum declared.
