ISRAEL DECIDES: Millions Head to Polls in Crucial Election as Netanyahu and Eisenkot Battle for Power, Chareidi Turnout Under Scrutiny
Millions of Israelis are heading to the polls Tuesday in a closely watched election for the 26th Knesset, with Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu seeking another term in office and former IDF Chief of Staff Gadi Eisenkot emerging as one of his principal challengers. The election, the first since the October 7, 2023, Hamas massacre and the subsequent war, is taking place amid intense political divisions, uncertainty over the composition of the next government, and particular attention to voter turnout in the chareidi community following the prolonged controversy over the drafting of yeshiva bochurim.
Polling stations opened at 7 a.m. across Israel, allowing 7,331,981 eligible voters to participate in an election featuring 36 political lists competing for the Knesset’s 120 seats. A total of 12,018 polling stations have been established throughout the country, with election officials preparing for a full day of voting before the first exit polls are released Tuesday evening.
The number of eligible voters has increased by 543,177 since the previous Knesset election in November 2022, reflecting substantial growth in Israel’s electorate over the past four years. In that election, turnout reached 70.63%, with approximately 4.8 million Israelis casting ballots.
One of the central questions facing political analysts Tuesday is whether participation will exceed the previous election’s level and how differences in turnout among Israel’s various communities will influence the final distribution of Knesset seats.
The contest centers on the struggle to assemble a governing coalition capable of commanding the support of at least 61 Knesset members. Netanyahu is leading the Likud party, while Eisenkot heads the Yashar party. Former Prime Minister Naftali Bennett is also competing through the Beyachad electoral alliance formed with Yair Lapid.
Other major participants include Shas, headed by Aryeh Deri; United Torah Judaism; Yisrael Beiteinu, led by Avigdor Lieberman; the Democrats, headed by Yair Golan; Otzma Yehudit, led by Itamar Ben-Gvir; and Religious Zionism, which is running together with the Zehut party.
The United Arab List, known as Ra’am, and the Joint List are also participating after Israel’s Supreme Court overturned decisions that would have prevented them from appearing on the ballot.
Although 38 electoral lists initially received approval to participate, two subsequently withdrew from the contest. They were Blue and White, headed by Benny Gantz, and the Achi movement, leaving 36 lists competing for parliamentary representation.
The electoral threshold remains 3.25% of valid ballots, meaning that parties failing to obtain that share of the vote will receive no Knesset seats. The threshold could prove especially consequential for smaller parties, where relatively modest differences in voter support may determine whether an entire list enters the Knesset or is excluded.
Votes cast for parties that fail to cross the threshold will not translate into parliamentary representation, potentially altering the balance between political blocs and affecting which party leaders can assemble a coalition.
For the chareidi community, Tuesday’s election carries particular significance following years of controversy over the status of yeshiva students and the government’s efforts to address military conscription.
According to figures from Israel’s Central Bureau of Statistics, approximately 684,000 eligible voters living in Israel are chareidim, representing roughly 10.5% of the country’s resident voting population.
In the 2022 election, Shas secured 11 Knesset seats, while United Torah Judaism won seven. Both parties are now seeking to preserve their parliamentary strength amid dissatisfaction in parts of the chareidi community over the draft controversy and questions about the effectiveness of chareidi representation in the outgoing government.
Party officials are expected to devote considerable attention to turnout throughout the day, particularly in major chareidi population centers such as Bnei Brak, Yerushalayim, Beit Shemesh, Modiin Illit, and Elad.
Election headquarters will monitor participation figures in these communities and work to encourage eligible voters to cast their ballots before polling stations close.
Within United Torah Judaism, attention is also focused on whether the party can increase its representation from seven to eight seats. That possibility is being discussed against the backdrop of internal political tensions and public debate over the party’s accomplishments during the previous Knesset term.
The controversy surrounding the draft of yeshiva bochurim has become one of the most consequential issues affecting chareidi political participation. The dispute has generated criticism of government policy, tensions between coalition partners, and questions about how voters will respond to the positions taken by their elected representatives.
The election will therefore serve as an important measure of political participation within the chareidi community, with party leaders closely examining turnout figures as they become available.
Throughout the day, senior political figures are expected to visit polling stations and campaign headquarters as their parties conduct final efforts to mobilize supporters.
Netanyahu is scheduled to cast his ballot in Yerushalayim at approximately 11 a.m. Eisenkot is expected to begin his day with visits to Ofakim and Nir Oz, two communities closely associated with the events of October 7.
United Torah Judaism chairman Yaakov Asher is expected to vote in Bnei Brak before accompanying leading Gedolei Yisroel to polling stations as part of the party’s Election Day activities.
Beyond the regular civilian voting locations, special arrangements have been made to accommodate soldiers, hospitalized patients, and other eligible voters who cannot easily reach conventional polling stations.
The IDF has prepared approximately 850 polling stations for military personnel, and some soldiers have already participated through early voting procedures.
Nearly 100,000 workers are expected to take part in administering the election, including polling-station personnel, election officials, security staff, and others responsible for maintaining the voting and counting process.
Most polling stations will remain open until 10 p.m., although voting in smaller communities and at certain special polling locations is scheduled to conclude at 8 p.m.
Israel’s Central Elections Committee is expected to release periodic turnout updates throughout the day, allowing observers to compare participation with previous elections and identify differences among population groups.
At 10 p.m., when the final polling stations close, Israel’s major television networks are scheduled to release their initial exit polls, offering the first estimates of how the 120 Knesset seats may be distributed.
The official counting process will begin as voting concludes, with preliminary results expected to emerge during the overnight hours.
However, the final outcome may remain uncertain until the counting of special ballots is completed. These include the double-envelope ballots used by soldiers and other voters casting their ballots outside their regular polling districts.
The Central Elections Committee has up to eight days to publish the official results, setting November 4 as the deadline for completing the process.
Election officials have also introduced additional arrangements for the 2026 vote, including expanded accessibility measures, security monitoring, and procedures intended to protect the integrity of the ballot.
The Central Elections Committee has prepared approximately 450 million ballot slips and deployed some 15,000 cameras as part of its election oversight system. Of the 12,018 polling stations, 6,209 have accessibility provisions, including 3,621 specially adapted stations for voters with mobility difficulties.
Another change this year concerns the publication of turnout information. The Central Elections Committee plans to release participation figures for individual regular polling stations at least four times during Election Day, in addition to nationwide statistics. These figures will provide a more detailed picture of voting patterns as the day progresses, although they will not indicate which parties voters are supporting.
Election officials have also imposed restrictions on the transfer of voter-participation information to political parties. Polling-station representatives are prohibited from removing information identifying who has voted or transmitting such details to campaign organizations, a departure from practices permitted during earlier elections.
For voters traveling to their assigned polling stations, special transportation arrangements are in effect. Intercity bus routes exceeding 15 kilometers and Israel Railways services are available without charge during the designated Election Day period. Train passengers must obtain a free ticket, while ordinary urban bus routes and light rail services remain subject to their usual fares.
Voters are generally required to cast their ballots at their assigned polling stations and present an accepted form of identification, such as an Israeli identity card, valid passport, or driver’s license. Those who have not received a voter notification can still participate, provided they are registered and report to the correct location.
Special voting provisions are also available for residents evacuated from their homes, patients in medical institutions, prisoners, and individuals with mobility limitations. Voters who arrive at a polling station before its official closing time are entitled to cast their ballots even if they must wait until after the scheduled closing hour.
Once the counting is completed, the process of forming a government will begin. President Isaac Herzog will consult with representatives of the elected parties before assigning the task of forming a coalition to the Knesset member he determines has the best prospect of securing parliamentary support.
That individual will generally have up to 42 days to establish a government. If the effort fails, additional procedures allow another candidate to attempt to assemble a coalition, potentially extending the period of political uncertainty beyond Election Day.
The official results are expected to be published by November 4, although the initial distribution of seats should become clearer as ballots are counted over the coming days.
For Israel’s chareidi community, particular attention will remain focused on the performance of Shas and United Torah Judaism and the eventual composition of the next coalition. The unresolved questions surrounding the draft of yeshiva bochurim, the status of Torah learners, and the relationship between the government and the chareidi parties will remain central issues once the election results are known.
As Israelis cast their ballots, the immediate question is how the electorate will divide the Knesset’s 120 seats. The longer political process will determine which parties can reach an agreement on forming a government and how the disputes that dominated the outgoing Knesset will be addressed in the next one.
{Matzav.com}
