SHABBOS SECURITY SHOWDOWN: Federal Judge Rules Maryland Shul Members May Carry Guns Inside, But Not While Walking to Daven
A federal judge has ruled that members of an Orthodox shul in Maryland may carry firearms inside their shul for security purposes but cannot carry those same weapons while walking to and from the building, creating a difficult situation for Shabbos-observant congregants who are prohibited from driving.
The ruling, issued Tuesday, October 27, by U.S. District Judge Deborah K. Chasanow, represents the latest development in a legal battle between the Silver Spring Jewish Center, also known as Congregation Ahavas Yisrael, and Montgomery County over a law restricting firearms near houses of worship and other public gathering places.
Although the court previously granted the shul permission to maintain armed security inside its building, it has now refused to suspend a separate provision prohibiting firearms within 100 yards of designated public assembly locations, including shuls, schools, parks and other facilities.
The distinction has left members of the Orthodox congregation in an unusual predicament: They may legally carry firearms once inside the shul, but because they must walk there on Shabbos and Yom Tov, they cannot lawfully bring their weapons with them along routes covered by the restrictions.
“Although they can theoretically have firearms at the synagogue, they cannot carry them there when they walk on the days when they have to walk there,” Jacob Huebert, senior litigation counsel at the New Civil Liberties Alliance, which represents the congregation, told JNS.
The controversy began in July when Montgomery County enacted legislation prohibiting individuals from carrying firearms in or within 100 yards of designated places of public assembly. The law includes exceptions for certain authorized security personnel and for individuals transporting firearms in vehicles.
The measure was approved by the County Council on July 21 and signed into law by County Executive Marc Elrich on July 27.
County officials argued that the restrictions were necessary to reduce gun violence and improve public safety in sensitive locations, including schools and religious institutions.
The Silver Spring Jewish Center and Rav J. Menashe Shapiro challenged the ordinance in federal court, arguing that it violated their constitutional rights to religious freedom and armed self-defense.
The congregation had established an armed volunteer security team following the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks in Eretz Yisroel, amid growing concerns about antisemitic violence in the United States. Its security volunteers include individuals with military and specialized firearms training.
In September, Judge Chasanow granted the congregation a preliminary injunction allowing members to carry firearms inside the shul, finding that the prohibition on weapons within houses of worship likely violated constitutional protections.
However, the judge declined to block enforcement of the 100-yard restriction surrounding public gathering places.
The congregation subsequently asked the court to reconsider that portion of the decision, arguing that the county’s rules unfairly burden Orthodox Jews by permitting motorists to transport firearms through restricted areas while preventing Shabbos-observant Jews from doing so on foot.
In Tuesday’s ruling, Chasanow rejected that argument.
The judge acknowledged that the plaintiffs had established religious obligations concerning self-defense within the shul and walking to shul on Shabbos and Yom Tov. However, she determined that they had not sufficiently demonstrated a separate religious requirement to carry firearms while making that journey.
The court also concluded that the 100-yard restrictions were neutral and generally applicable because they did not expressly target religious activity.
Huebert criticized the ruling, arguing that it places Orthodox Jews at a particular disadvantage because they cannot simply drive to shul with their weapons.
“Most other religions that I know of don’t require you to walk to the place of worship on the days when you go there to worship,” he told JNS. “So this law doesn’t affect their ability to carry a firearm to their place of worship and have it there, because they can drive there.”
“But since these people have to walk, they’re not able to fulfill their religious obligation to defend themselves and other members of the synagogue,” he added.
Huebert also maintained that the responsibility to protect Jewish lives does not end at the shul’s entrance.
“If you’re walking to the synagogue with your family, and you’re out and about, you have the same obligation and at least as much need, because you’re out in public,” he said.
Rav Shapiro similarly condemned the restrictions, arguing that the county’s ordinance discriminates against Orthodox Jewish residents who rely on walking to attend Shabbos and Yom Tov services.
He said the law “unfairly and unduly burdens Jewish religious firearms carriers” and violates both the First and Second Amendments.
The dispute comes amid heightened security concerns at Jewish institutions throughout the United States following a series of violent antisemitic incidents.
In May 2025, two Israeli Embassy employees were murdered outside the Capital Jewish Museum in Washington, D.C. The following month, an attacker targeted a gathering supporting Israeli hostages in Boulder, Colorado.
The Silver Spring Jewish Center has also cited security incidents closer to home, including an attack on a visibly Jewish congregant outside the shul in October 2024 and an attempted unauthorized entry into the building in June 2026.
Montgomery County is home to a substantial Orthodox Jewish population, with approximately 45% of Maryland’s Jewish residents living in the county.
The federal government’s Justice Department has also challenged the county’s firearms restrictions in separate litigation, raising constitutional objections to the legislation.
Tuesday’s decision does not conclude the broader legal dispute. The shul’s lawsuit remains ongoing, and the congregation may continue pursuing relief from the restrictions.
{Matzav.com}
