A 28-year-old Dominican migrant shot by federal immigration agents in the Bronx had previously been convicted in connection with an armed robbery, faced pending drug charges, and was under investigation for possible ties to a violent street gang, according to court records and federal law enforcement officials.
The shooting of Oscar Belgal during an attempted arrest Thursday has ignited a confrontation between federal immigration authorities and New York City officials, with Mayor Zohran Mamdani condemning the operation and some neighborhood residents questioning why Belgal remained free despite his criminal history.
Belgal, who federal authorities believe entered the United States illegally in approximately 2022, was wounded in the neck when Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents attempted to take him into custody in Marble Hill. Officials said he tried to escape in his Honda SUV and struck two agents with the vehicle, prompting one of them to open fire.
His five-year-old son was in the backseat during the confrontation but was not physically injured.
Federal officials maintain that Belgal posed a public safety threat and that New York’s restrictions on cooperation with immigration enforcement had frustrated previous attempts to detain him. City officials and critics of ICE have raised questions about the agents’ tactics and the decision to fire at a vehicle containing a child.
The controversy intensified after Mamdani described Belgal as a New Yorker while criticizing the federal operation, drawing an angry response from some Bronx residents familiar with the consequences of violent crime.
Migdalia Martinez, whose 12-year-old son, Jacob Freytas, was killed by a stray bullet while riding his bicycle in July, rejected the mayor’s characterization.
“I don’t consider him a New Yorker,” Martinez told the New York Post.
“The only thing I do consider him as is trash, nothing else but trash. And I don’t consider New York, my home, as trash,” she said.
Asked whether Mamdani had been wrong to refer to Belgal as a New Yorker, Martinez responded, “The mayor is wrong in many ways — that’s definitely one.”
Martinez’s son was fatally struck by gunfire in the Mount Eden neighborhood, an area where the Trinitarios gang has maintained a presence. Authorities have said they suspect gang involvement in the shooting that killed the boy.
The same gang has been linked by federal officials to a separate July 2025 shooting involving an off-duty Customs and Border Protection officer at Fort Washington Park in Upper Manhattan.
Department of Homeland Security officials said investigators were examining Belgal’s possible connections to that incident when agents approached him Thursday.
Authorities have not established publicly that Belgal participated in the officer’s shooting, and the allegations concerning his possible gang connections remain under investigation.
Security camera footage from the Marble Hill incident showed plainclothes immigration agents approaching Belgal’s parked vehicle shortly before 4 p.m., with weapons drawn.
The recording captured the agents converging on the SUV before Belgal drove away and disappeared from the camera’s view.
Marcos Charles, who heads ICE’s Enforcement and Removal Operations division, said Belgal “accelerated” toward the officers, “smashing” into two of them.
Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin confirmed that the agents involved were equipped with body cameras, although federal authorities had not immediately made those recordings public.
The available surveillance footage does not show every moment of the confrontation, leaving questions about the precise circumstances surrounding the shooting.
Federal law enforcement sources said Belgal was believed to have crossed into the United States with a migrant caravan in 2022, during the Biden administration, without being encountered by Border Patrol agents.
His criminal history in New York began attracting law enforcement attention the following year.
According to court records, Belgal was arrested in December 2023 in connection with an armed robbery that allegedly occurred the previous month in the Fordham Heights section of the Bronx.
Investigators alleged that Belgal was driving along Morris Avenue with two passengers in the backseat when he turned toward them, displayed a firearm, and demanded their valuables.
“give me your jewelry or I will shoot you,” he allegedly told the victims, according to the criminal complaint.
The victims surrendered jewelry and approximately $500 in cash.
Although Belgal was subsequently arrested, court records indicate that he was released without bail while the criminal case proceeded.
In April 2025, he pleaded guilty to a reduced charge of fourth-degree grand larceny.
When he was sentenced in January 2026, he received a one-month jail term and five years of probation.
His legal troubles continued even before that sentence was imposed.
In August 2025, several months after entering his guilty plea in the robbery case, Belgal was arrested again, this time on allegations involving the sale of fentanyl, cocaine, and heroin.
That prosecution remained pending at the time of Thursday’s shooting, and the drug allegations had not resulted in a conviction.
Under New York’s bail laws, the charges in that case did not qualify for monetary bail. Prosecutors instead requested the most restrictive available level of supervised release, which the court approved.
Federal sources said ICE had issued an immigration detainer following Belgal’s arrest, requesting that local authorities transfer him to federal custody.
The request was not honored, according to those sources.
An ICE detainer asks a local law enforcement agency to notify federal immigration authorities before releasing an individual and, in certain circumstances, to hold that person briefly so federal agents can assume custody.
New York City’s sanctuary policies generally restrict cooperation with federal civil immigration enforcement, although the rules include exceptions.
Mullin argued that those restrictions had made it more difficult for federal authorities to apprehend Belgal and had exposed the public to unnecessary danger.
“Sanctuary politicians create an environment for criminal activity to thrive, not for American citizens to be safe,” Mullin said. “When you have sanctuary cities and politicians, you endanger the safety of the public.”
The administration’s criticism of New York’s policies has become a central element of the dispute, although the precise legal circumstances surrounding the unfulfilled detainer request have not been fully detailed publicly.
Federal officials also disclosed that Thursday’s operation was not their first attempt to arrest Belgal.
ICE agents reportedly tried to apprehend him in September, but authorities said he managed to flee.
After the shooting, New York City police officers arrived to find Belgal wounded and restrained, with federal agents nearby. NYPD body-camera footage captured the emergency response, including the frightened child crying in the background as officers assisted the injured man.
Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch said an ICE agent had fired seven rounds at the vehicle. Bullets struck several windows, and Belgal suffered a neck wound.
The child was placed in the care of relatives.
Belgal was initially taken to NewYork-Presbyterian Allen Hospital, where protesters gathered as news of the shooting spread.
Demonstrators condemned the operation, demanding accountability from federal immigration authorities and questioning the decision to open fire while a young child was inside the vehicle.
Mamdani sharply criticized the shooting and the conduct of the agents involved.
“A New Yorker was shot by ICE agents in Marble Hill,” the mayor told reporters. “ICE agents surrounded the man’s vehicle before opening fire. They wore construction vests and masks that concealed their faces. There was no reasonable way to identify them as ICE agents.”
The mayor said the incident had intensified fears among immigrant communities throughout the city.
“You are hearing from New Yorkers right now — anguish, pain, anger — at the fact that here in this city, the world’s city, immigrants have to wake up every morning and not know if they can live the lives that they should be able to live,” Mamdani said.
Other residents rejected the mayor’s characterization and argued that Belgal’s criminal history should have resulted in his removal from the streets long before Thursday’s confrontation.
Mora Rodriguez, an elderly longtime resident of Belgal’s former apartment building in Inwood, responded with a firm “No” when asked whether she considered him a New Yorker.
“Absolutely not. That’s one of the reasons I think we should vote blue out,” Rodriguez told the Post.
“What’s going on with the legal system, the jail, letting these people go after they have a whole list of convictions. This is a criminal. Why would you let this person out?” she said.
Rodriguez also criticized the judges and elected officials responsible for New York’s criminal justice policies.
“These judges are very radical. We gotta vote red. That’s what I can say to you.”
Belgal’s attorneys, meanwhile, challenged his detention in federal court and raised concerns about his medical condition following the shooting.
During a Friday court proceeding, his lawyers said he remained in pain and still had a bullet lodged in his body. A federal judge temporarily prohibited immigration authorities from deporting him while his legal challenge was being considered.
Following his discharge from the hospital, Belgal was transferred to the Metropolitan Detention Center in Brooklyn, where he remained in federal custody.
Court and law enforcement documents have also identified him under several variations of his surname, including Belgal, Bengal, and Bergal.
Federal authorities said their interest in Belgal extended beyond his robbery conviction and pending drug prosecution.
Mullin disclosed that investigators believed Belgal might possess information about the July 2025 shooting of an off-duty Customs and Border Protection officer at Fort Washington Park.
The secretary said investigators were examining whether Belgal had “direct or indirect knowledge” of the attack.
Two Dominican nationals who were in the United States illegally were identified as the perpetrators of that shooting, and one received a 15-year prison sentence on Monday.
Law enforcement sources said investigators found Belgal’s name and contact information in the cellphone of one of the suspects, contributing to the decision to pursue him.
That discovery, however, does not establish that Belgal participated in the shooting or was involved in planning it.
The circumstances surrounding Thursday’s confrontation are now being examined by federal investigators, including the FBI and the Department of Homeland Security.
Authorities have not publicly released the complete ICE body-camera recordings, and accounts of whether Belgal deliberately drove toward agents remain disputed. Surveillance footage shows portions of the encounter but does not conclusively resolve the conflicting descriptions.
The case has also prompted renewed criticism of New York’s sanctuary policies from the White House, which argues that restrictions on cooperation with ICE force federal agents to carry out more dangerous street-level arrests.