George W. Bush Warns America Is Forgetting the ‘Lessons of 9/11’ 25 Years After Terror Attacks
George W. Bush warned that a quarter-century after the September 11 terror attacks, Americans risk forgetting one of the central lessons he drew from that day: threats developing overseas can ultimately endanger the United States at home.
Speaking publicly about 9/11 ahead of the 25th anniversary, the 43rd president argued against an isolationist approach to foreign affairs and said America cannot assume that events beyond its borders have no consequences for its own national security. Bush made the remarks during a special program at his presidential library in Dallas alongside Condoleezza Rice, who was his national security adviser on September 11, 2001, and later served as secretary of state.
“Our nation occasionally goes through isolationist periods, where the attitude is, ‘Well, we’ve got too many problems at home. Therefore, who cares about what happens overseas?'” Bush said. “Which really means to me they just don’t pay attention to the lessons of 9/11, because what happens overseas matters to our national security at home.”
Bush said the United States should also support people seeking freedom from oppressive governments, although he stressed that such support does not necessarily require American military intervention.
“We don’t have to send troops,” Bush said. “We ought to at least stand with them and stand beside them because this is what we went through 250 years ago. And again, it’s a belief that everybody wants to be free and we saw that in Afghanistan.”
Afghanistan became the first major battlefield of the American response to September 11. Bush launched the war there following the attacks, targeting Al-Qaeda and the Taliban government that had harbored it. The United States subsequently supported the establishment of a new Afghan government, but the conflict continued for two decades. American forces withdrew in 2021, and the Taliban rapidly returned to power.
Bush rejected the contention that Afghans who experienced the intervening years of greater freedom did not understand what they had gained — and subsequently lost.
“Of course they know the difference,” Bush said. “Young girls going to school for the first time in their lives know the difference. Women becoming doctors and professors know the difference between a free society and a tyrannical society. And sadly, these women who begin to realize their full potential no longer have a chance to realize their full potential.”
Much of Wednesday’s conversation focused not on subsequent wars or foreign policy, but on the extraordinary hours of September 11 itself and the decisions Bush and his senior advisers were forced to make as the attacks unfolded.
Bush recalled being at Emma E. Booker Elementary School in Sarasota, Florida, when his chief of staff, Andy Card, approached him and quietly informed him that a second aircraft had struck the World Trade Center and that America was under attack.
In that instant, Bush said, his presidency fundamentally changed.
“I became a wartime president,” Bush said. “This was a war, and that the job of the president and the country and his team is to rally the nation and to do what’s necessary to protect our people.”
Bush had been less than eight months into his presidency when Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners on the morning of September 11, 2001. Two were flown into the Twin Towers in Lower Manhattan, another struck the Pentagon, and United Airlines Flight 93 crashed near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, after passengers and crew members fought back against the hijackers.
Bush and Rice recalled the enormous uncertainty inside the government that morning, when authorities had no way of knowing how many aircraft had been hijacked or where another attack might occur.
Suddenly, Rice recalled, virtually every commercial airplane in the sky had to be viewed as a potential weapon.
With authorities ordering aircraft across the country to land, Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta was attempting to keep track of the unprecedented operation using a legal pad.
Amid the confusion, senior officials briefly feared that the U.S. military itself might have shot down Flight 93. It was subsequently determined that the aircraft crashed after passengers attempted to overpower the terrorists.
“There was this horrible moment where the vice president kept trying to get confirmation as to what had happened, and for about 10 minutes, we thought we’d shot down a civilian aircraft,” Rice said. “And that always to me represented just how hard the decisions that you had to take under a lot of pressure.”
The uncertainty did not end when the attacks were over. Rice has recalled that the threat information confronting the administration exploded almost immediately, as officials scrambled to determine whether additional terrorist operations were underway.
Bush said that while he understood immediately that the country had suffered an enormous trauma, he did not fully grasp the magnitude of the devastation in New York until he saw Ground Zero himself.
He “had a sense there was a lot of trauma,” Bush recalled, but didn’t realize “how bad it was ’till I went there.”
Three days after the attacks, on September 14, Bush traveled to the wreckage of the World Trade Center, where firefighters, police officers and rescue workers were still searching through the ruins.
It was there that Bush delivered one of the defining moments of his presidency, standing atop the rubble beside retired FDNY firefighter Bob Beckwith and addressing rescue workers through a bullhorn.
Looking back 25 years later, Bush said his concern was not only preventing another attack but ensuring that fear and anger did not fundamentally change the character of the country.
“I didn’t want us to lose our soul,” Bush said. “I wanted, as we defended our freedoms, I wanted people to remember how precious they are.”
That concern, Bush said, was also behind his decision to visit the Islamic Center of Washington just days after the attacks.
He recalled making the visit “because I was deeply concerned about stories of women of color being harassed at shopping centers, particularly in Michigan.”
Bush said he viewed the fight against terrorism as an ideological struggle and believed abandoning religious freedom in response to the attacks would itself constitute a defeat.
“It became clear to me that this is an ideological struggle, which is what I viewed it as, and we forego one of the most important parts of our ideology, which is the freedom to worship the way you want to worship,” he said. “All of a sudden, the enemy has won a victory, and so that was part of my thinking.”
Bush and Rice also described the dramatic change in mindset inside the administration from September 11 to what they called a “Sept. 12” mentality.
The priority was no longer simply responding to what had happened, they said, but identifying threats and stopping another catastrophic attack before it could occur. Bush said “we needed to go on the offense.”
Rice said it can be difficult, 25 years later, for Americans who did not experience that period to appreciate the enormous pressure surrounding virtually every national-security decision.
“People now don’t understand the heaviness of the days after 9/11 in trying to protect the country,” Rice said.
That passage of time itself has become part of Bush’s concern. A substantial portion of the American population was either not yet born or too young to remember September 11, and Bush said Wednesday that preserving the memory of the sacrifice, courage and national response that followed the attacks is increasingly important.
Twenty-five years later, Bush said, the events of September 11 still carry lessons about national security, freedom and America’s relationship with the rest of the world — lessons he fears the country is increasingly inclined to overlook.
