Knesset Bill Requires That Mezuzahs Be Affixed In Public Institutions
The Knesset moved forward with a disputed piece of legislation dealing with Jewish religious expression in public life, approving it in a 49–35 vote and sending it onward in the legislative process.
Opponents quickly charged that the proposal crosses into religious coercion, while its backers said it is meant to safeguard Jewish identity in the public sphere.
The bill, titled “Realization of Jewish Identity in the Public Sphere,” was introduced by Likud MK Galit Distel Atbaryan together with Otzma Yehudit MK Yitzchak Kroizer. Its stated aim is to guarantee that Jewish citizens can openly express their national and religious character without obstruction. Supporters argue that it formalizes protections for traditional Jewish observance in public settings.
Among its provisions are requirements that mezuzahs be affixed in public institutions and that public observance of Orthodox Jewish practices be shielded from interference. Actions that hinder such practices — including administrative or bureaucratic obstacles — could be treated as criminal offenses under the proposal. Public acts such as prayer and the donning of tefillin would receive explicit legal protection.
The bill also includes a highly contentious section that would require judges serving in civil courts to demonstrate proficiency in halacha as a condition for appointment. In addition, it assigns exclusive authority over disputes arising from the legislation to the Grand Rabbinical Court. If implemented, this clause would effectively block the appointment of any judge who failed to pass such an exam.
That aspect of the bill has drawn particularly sharp opposition. The Ministerial Committee for Legislation objected to the judicial provisions, and Distel Atbaryan indicated during a stormy Knesset debate that these elements are likely to be revised or removed during committee discussions.
Following its approval in a preliminary reading, the legislation is now slated to move to committee, where it will be prepared for the first of three required votes before it can become law.
The proposal has reignited long-standing tensions over religion and state in Israel. Similar disputes surfaced in September 2023, when mechitzos were erected during large Yom Kippur tefillah gatherings in Tel Aviv’s Dizengoff Square, defying a municipal ruling and triggering confrontations with secular activists.
Criticism of the bill has come from opposition lawmakers, civil rights and religious freedom groups, and, according to Hebrew media reports, Attorney General Gali Baharav-Miara. While rabbinical courts already function within Israel’s judicial system — handling matters such as marriage, divorce, conversion, and inheritance — they do not currently hold authority over the secular court system.
{Matzav.com}
