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U.S. mortgage rates have climbed sharply again, with a closely watched daily measure of the average 30-year fixed mortgage reaching 7.20% on Friday, September 18, adding another major affordability hurdle for Americans already confronting elevated home prices and a sluggish housing market.

The 7.20% figure comes from Mortgage News Daily’s daily index, which stood at 7.19% Thursday and 7.24% Wednesday. Just one month ago, the same benchmark was roughly 6.75%, meaning borrowing costs have risen by about 45 basis points in a matter of weeks. A year ago, the index stood at 6.37%.

Other widely followed mortgage surveys show somewhat lower rates because they use different methodologies and reporting periods. Freddie Mac’s weekly survey put the average 30-year fixed mortgage at 6.95% for the week ending September 17, up sharply from 6.76% a week earlier. Zillow marketplace data put the average at 7.04% heading into the weekend.

The takeaway, however, is consistent across the major gauges: mortgage borrowing costs have risen rapidly and are once again hovering around or above the psychologically significant 7% level.

Mortgage News Daily’s 30-year rate was 7.12% on September 11, 7.17% on September 14, 7.22% on September 15 and 7.24% on September 16 before easing slightly. Its September 18 reading of 7.20% was 83 basis points higher than the comparable rate one year earlier.

The latest surge comes amid renewed pressure in the bond market, persistent inflation concerns and a significant shift in Federal Reserve policy.

The Federal Reserve this week raised its benchmark interest rate by a quarter percentage point, its first increase in roughly three years, as policymakers sought to address inflation that has remained stubbornly above the central bank’s target. Inflation has recently been running at 3.4% year over year, while higher energy prices have added to concerns that price pressures could remain elevated.

Mortgage rates are not directly set by the Federal Reserve. Instead, they tend to track longer-term bond yields, particularly the 10-year Treasury yield, while also reflecting expectations about inflation, economic growth and future monetary policy.

The 10-year Treasury yield recently approached 5%, helping drive mortgage rates higher. Concerns about persistent inflation, government borrowing and the enormous amount of capital being raised for artificial-intelligence infrastructure have all contributed to pressure on longer-term borrowing costs.

The jump to 7.2% can make a substantial difference for a homebuyer.

On a $500,000 30-year mortgage, principal and interest at 6% would be approximately $2,998 per month. At 7.2%, the payment rises to roughly $3,394 — nearly $400 more every month, or about $4,750 more per year. That does not include property taxes, homeowners insurance or other housing costs.

For a $750,000 mortgage, the difference becomes even more pronounced: principal and interest at 6% would be about $4,497 monthly, compared with approximately $5,091 at 7.2%, a difference of nearly $600 every month.

The renewed rise in rates is particularly painful because home prices remain elevated in many parts of the country. Unlike previous periods when high mortgage rates coincided with significantly lower home prices, today’s buyers are frequently confronting both expensive financing and expensive properties.

The result has been an unusually difficult housing environment in which many prospective buyers cannot afford to purchase while existing homeowners have little incentive to sell.

Millions of homeowners refinanced or purchased homes when mortgage rates were around 3% during the pandemic-era period of exceptionally low borrowing costs. Selling a home with a 3% mortgage and purchasing another property with financing near 7% can dramatically increase a homeowner’s monthly payment even if the new house is not significantly more expensive.

That so-called mortgage “lock-in” effect has contributed to reduced housing turnover and constrained the supply of existing homes available for sale.

Home sales have consequently remained near historically weak levels. The Associated Press reported that sales have been hovering around lows not seen in roughly three decades, while pending home sales were recently down 4.7% from a year earlier.

The latest rate increase also represents a striking reversal from expectations earlier in the year that borrowing costs might gradually ease.

The Federal Reserve’s move toward higher rates has complicated that outlook. Bank of America economists now expect two additional Fed rate increases before the end of 2026, citing persistent inflation and continued strength in the economy, although financial markets currently see fewer additional increases as more likely.

The Fed’s benchmark rate and mortgage rates do not necessarily move in lockstep. Indeed, mortgage rates can fall even when the Fed raises rates if investors become convinced that tighter monetary policy will ultimately bring inflation under control. Conversely, mortgage rates can rise without a Fed move when bond investors become more concerned about inflation or government borrowing.

The difference between various published mortgage-rate figures also means borrowers should not assume that 7.20% is the rate they will personally receive.

Mortgage News Daily describes its figure as an average daily rate for a top-tier conventional 30-year fixed mortgage and notes that an individual borrower’s actual cost can be higher depending on the circumstances. Freddie Mac’s weekly survey uses a different methodology, while Zillow and other services derive averages from their own lender networks.

A borrower’s credit score, down payment, debt-to-income ratio, loan size, location, type of mortgage and whether points are paid upfront can all substantially change the rate offered by a lender.

Government-backed loans are also currently carrying somewhat lower headline rates. Recent marketplace data showed 30-year FHA and VA mortgages in the mid-6% range, compared with conventional 30-year mortgages above 7%, though fees, eligibility requirements and APRs must also be considered.

For would-be buyers, the return of 7%-plus mortgages amounts to another setback after several years of unusually difficult affordability conditions.

The broader question now is whether 7.2% represents a temporary spike caused by recent volatility or the beginning of another sustained period of elevated mortgage costs. With inflation remaining above the Fed’s target and policymakers signaling continued concern about price pressures, there is little certainty that meaningful relief for homebuyers is imminent.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng are set to meet Sunday morning at JPMorgan Chase’s Manhattan headquarters for a new round of high-level U.S.-China negotiations, with artificial intelligence security, trade, rare-earth minerals and other major economic disputes expected to dominate the discussions.

The meeting takes on added significance because it will occur just days before President Donald Trump welcomes Chinese President Xi Jinping to Washington for a two-day state visit. Trump and Xi are scheduled to meet at the White House on Thursday, September 24, with Xi’s visit continuing into Friday.

Bessent and He are scheduled to begin their talks at 10:30 a.m. Sunday at JPMorgan Chase’s headquarters in Manhattan, according to a person familiar with the arrangements. The discussions are expected to help prepare the ground for the Trump-Xi meeting later in the week.

JPMorgan itself will not be participating in the negotiations. The banking giant agreed to make its headquarters available as a venue because of the heightened security environment in Manhattan as world leaders and delegations begin arriving for the United Nations General Assembly.

Sunday’s meeting will bring Bessent and He back together at a consequential moment in the economic relationship between the world’s two largest economies.

The agenda is expected to extend beyond traditional trade disputes. Bessent plans to discuss artificial intelligence, AI security, rare-earth minerals and broader economic issues with the Chinese vice premier, according to a source familiar with the Treasury secretary’s plans.

Artificial intelligence has increasingly become a central element of the U.S.-China economic and technological rivalry, with both countries investing heavily in advanced AI systems. The issue has also taken on a security dimension as policymakers and technology companies debate how powerful AI models should be developed, tested and safeguarded.

The talks come one day after President Trump announced plans to establish what he called an “AI Force” and appoint a new AI adviser, or “AI czar,” although he did not provide details about the proposed initiative’s structure or responsibilities.

Rare-earth minerals are another expected focus. The materials are critical to the production of semiconductors, defense equipment, electric vehicles and a wide range of advanced technologies, making access to them an important element of the broader economic competition between Washington and Beijing.

Trade will also remain front and center as the two governments continue negotiating over tariffs and other restrictions. The United States and China have been discussing possible tariff adjustments ahead of the Trump-Xi summit, while the future of the current trade truce remains among the issues hanging over the relationship.

The Sunday session is the latest in a series of meetings between Bessent and He, who have emerged as two of the principal figures managing economic negotiations between Washington and Beijing.

Bessent has also maintained contacts with major American business leaders as the administration considers the economic implications of its China policies.

JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon previously participated in a G20 finance leaders meeting hosted by the Treasury Department in Asheville, North Carolina, at Bessent’s invitation. Dimon addressed the gathering about prospects for private-sector economic growth.

Dimon is also among the American corporate leaders invited to attend the White House state dinner honoring Xi during the Chinese president’s visit next week, according to U.S. officials.

The JPMorgan chief, however, was not part of the delegation of American executives that accompanied President Trump to Beijing in May for Trump’s previous meeting with Xi.

Xi’s upcoming visit is expected to include an elaborate White House welcome as well as extensive discussions between the two presidents. President Trump is also expected to personally greet Xi upon his arrival at Joint Base Andrews, an unusual gesture for an incoming foreign leader.

The schedule includes bilateral talks and a White House state dinner, with prominent American business and technology executives among those invited. Trade, tariffs, rare-earth minerals and artificial intelligence are all expected to feature in the broader discussions surrounding the visit.

Against that backdrop, Sunday’s Bessent-He meeting is expected to serve as an important preparatory session, giving the two governments an opportunity to narrow differences or clarify their positions before Trump and Xi sit down face-to-face four days later.

With the United Nations General Assembly bringing world leaders to New York at the same time, the unusual choice of JPMorgan’s Manhattan headquarters provides the American and Chinese delegations with a secure setting for negotiations that could help shape the agenda when the two presidents meet later in the week.

The Syrian Jewish community is mourning the sudden petirah of Chacham Leon Gindi zt”l, a longtime rav at Shaare Zion and an accomplished talmid chochom, who was niftar at the age of 79 after suffering a massive heart attack toward the end of Shabbos.

The shocking petirah occurred with virtually no warning. Chacham Gindi was addressing the congregation when he suddenly suffered the medical emergency. Emergency personnel responded and extensive efforts were made to save his life, but tragically, he was niftar.

For decades, Chacham Gindi was a familiar and respected presence at Shaare Zion, one of the central institutions of the Syrian Jewish community in Brooklyn. He served the congregation as a rav, teaching Torah and providing guidance to generations of families.

More than the position he held, however, those who knew Chacham Gindi remember a man steeped in Torah. He was regarded as a significant talmid chochom, whose learning was not simply something he possessed, but something around which his life revolved.

There was a particularly painful symbolism to the circumstances of his petirah. At 79 years old, Chacham Gindi was not retiring from communal life or withdrawing from the responsibilities he had carried for so many years. His final moments came while doing what had defined so much of his life, standing before fellow Jews and delivering words of Torah.

His passing during these days, immediately before Yom Kippur, has added another layer of emotion for those who heard him speak and learned from him over the years. A rav who spent his life teaching and inspiring others was taken suddenly as the community was preparing for the holiest day of the year.

Chacham Gindi belonged to the distinguished rabbinic tradition that has long been one of the defining features of New York’s Syrian Jewish community, where the chachamim have served not merely as shul rabbis but as teachers, poskim, spiritual guides and anchors of communal life.

Chacham Gindi was a son-in-law of Chacham Yom Tov Yedid zt”l, chief rabbi of Aleppo.

Those familiar with him describe Chacham Gindi as a man whose stature rested on genuine Torah knowledge rather than fanfare. His was the steady, enduring influence of a rav who continued learning, teaching and speaking to his congregation well into his later years.

Chacham Leon Gindi zt”l leaves behind the legacy of a life devoted to Torah, avodah and service to the Syrian Jewish community, and of a rav who remained at his post until literally the final moments of his life.

Levayah and shiva information will be provided as details become available.

Yehi zichro baruch.

Joint List MK Ahmad Tibi triggered a political uproar Saturday night after declaring that Israel’s Arab parties would play a central role in efforts to replace the current government and could move immediately after the election to replace Knesset Speaker Amir Ohana. Likud responded by arguing that Tibi’s remarks support its contention that opposition figures could depend on Arab-party backing to form or sustain an alternative governing bloc.

Speaking on Channel 12’s Meet the Press, Tibi discussed the political leverage Arab parties could hold following the election, particularly if parties opposed to the current government collectively secure a parliamentary majority.

“Without the Arab parties, it is impossible to replace the government. We will replace the Knesset Speaker immediately after the elections,” Tibi said, according to the Likud statement responding to the interview.

In the fuller interview, Tibi said the Arab parties could pursue a range of parliamentary moves even if there were no immediate agreement on forming a new government. He specifically indicated that his faction would back an alternative candidate for Knesset speaker rather than Ohana.

“You think we’ll vote for Amir Ohana? Who turned the Knesset into a Kahanist marketplace?” Tibi said. “We will support the opposing candidate, opposite him, for Knesset Speaker.”

Tibi emphasized the potential significance of choosing a new speaker immediately after the election, saying, “You know what the significance is of electing a Knesset Speaker immediately after the elections.” He added, “The story is over. This is complete control of the Knesset.”

The interview also touched on whether the Arab parties would recommend a candidate for prime minister to Israel’s president. Tibi replied, “We, in my opinion, will do more than that.” Referring to a previous election cycle, he added, “We already did that, a recommendation — and look what Gantz did with our recommendation.”

Likud seized on the remarks, linking them to Gadi Eisenkot, Avigdor Liberman and Yair Golan and alleging that they could ultimately seek to establish a government dependent on support from the Arab parties.

“One vote for Eisenkot and Liberman — and the keys to the country are in the hands of Ahmad Tibi and Mansour Abbas,” Likud said.

That assertion was Likud’s interpretation of Tibi’s comments; the remarks themselves concerned steps the Arab parties could take if an anti-government parliamentary majority emerged and did not, by themselves, establish an agreement between Tibi and Eisenkot, Liberman or Golan to form a government together.

Ohana joined the criticism, contending that Tibi’s comments revealed a plan to remove him from the speakership. He also attributed Tibi’s stance in part to the fact that Tibi was not appointed a deputy Knesset speaker during the current Knesset, unlike in previous years.

“MK Tibi is angry because, for the first time in many years, he did not get to serve as Deputy Knesset Speaker,” Ohana wrote. “Therefore, this evening he revealed his and Eisenkot’s plan for the day after the elections: to replace me with the left’s candidate, on the way to their government together.”

Ohana further argued that Tibi’s interview reinforced Likud’s claim that Eisenkot could seek to lead a minority government supported by Arab parties.

“The Israeli public received additional proof this evening that Eisenkot will establish a minority government with the support of the Arab parties, if he succeeds,” Ohana wrote, before concluding: “It is in your hands to prevent this.”

Tibi’s comments came as the parties position themselves ahead of the upcoming Knesset election, with the possible role of the Arab factions in determining parliamentary control emerging as a major point of contention between the competing blocs.

Serious questions are mounting over the mysterious death of R’ Yitzchak Elmakayes z”l, a 44-year-old Breslover chossid from London and father of seven whose body was discovered in a wooded area near the tziyun of Rav Nachman of Breslov in Uman on Rosh Hashanah. Nearly a week later, his body reportedly remains in Ukrainian custody, while his family and members of the Breslover community say they still have no clear explanation for how he died.

According to a report by Emess, several troubling possibilities have emerged surrounding the case, including reported death threats Elmakayes had received following a dispute with a local community, a possible encounter with local police, and recent reports of criminals in Uman impersonating police officers. Concerns have also been raised that Ukrainian authorities may be moving too quickly to dismiss the possibility of foul play.

The first indication that something terrible had occurred reportedly came on the first night of Yom Tov.

Two men walking along Pushkina Street told people nearby that they had seen the body of a Jewish man lying in the nearby forest.

Initially, those who heard the account did not take it seriously. Some reportedly responded dismissively, even asking why the two men had not brought the body back with them if they had actually discovered one.

The two men explained that they were combat veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress, a statement that reportedly caused some of those present to become even more skeptical of their account.

Within several hours, however, the seemingly improbable story took a devastating turn. A body was indeed discovered in the wooded area, confirming that the reports heard earlier on Pushkina Street had been based on an actual tragedy.

Ukrainian police subsequently took control of the scene and removed Elmakayes’ body. According to Emess, the body was transferred to a medical refrigeration facility in the Pushkina Street area and has remained there, without yet being released for kevurah.

During the initial stages of the investigation, authorities reportedly examined the possibility that Elmakayes had been murdered. Reports also indicated that signs of violence had been discovered on his body.

In the days that followed, however, local authorities reportedly began moving away from possible criminal explanations for his death and toward closing the investigation, raising concern among those seeking answers about what happened to him.

Adding to the mystery are details concerning Elmakayes’ activities during the weeks before his death.

Elmakayes had reportedly been staying in Uman for approximately a month. During that period, according to the report, he became embroiled in a dispute with one of the local communities.

He subsequently told several people that individuals associated with that dispute had threatened to kill him, a claim that is now being examined as investigators and community members attempt to reconstruct the circumstances leading up to his death.

Another possibility being raised involves a potential encounter with local police.

According to information obtained by Emess, Elmakayes suffered from a stutter. Concern has therefore been raised that he may have encountered Ukrainian police officers who had difficulty understanding him, particularly if he was under pressure, or who may have misinterpreted his responses or behavior.

At the same time, another troubling possibility has emerged: that Elmakayes may have encountered criminals impersonating police officers rather than actual members of law enforcement.

That concern has been heightened by emergency warnings circulated in Breslover WhatsApp groups regarding at least two separate incidents involving robberies or attempted robberies in the Uman area.

According to those warnings, two suspects allegedly presented themselves as police officers and traveled in what appeared to be a police vehicle that did not have license plates.

It remains unclear whether those incidents have any connection whatsoever to Elmakayes’ death, and no evidence cited thus far establishes that he encountered the alleged impersonators. Nevertheless, the reports have become another avenue of concern as those close to the case seek an explanation for what occurred.

For the family, the immediate concern is compounded by the continued delay in bringing Elmakayes to kever Yisroel.

A week after his death, his body reportedly remains in the possession of Ukrainian authorities, while his relatives and members of the community have yet to receive a definitive account of the circumstances that led to his death.

The various possibilities being raised — the reported threats, the possibility of an encounter with police, reports of criminals posing as officers, and the initial indications of possible violence — have fueled growing demands for a thorough investigation before the case is closed.

For now, none of those theories has been conclusively established, and the precise circumstances of Elmakayes’ death remain unknown.

But with a 44-year-old father of seven dead under unexplained circumstances, his body still awaiting release for kevurah, and serious questions surrounding the handling of the investigation, members of the Breslover community are pressing Ukrainian authorities for answers and expressing concern that the full circumstances surrounding the tragedy may never come to light.

{Matzav.com}

Former hostage Rom Braslavski returned to the Kosel on the eve of Yom Kippur for the final Selichos, marking an extraordinary contrast with the previous Yom Kippur, which he spent as a hostage in Gaza.

Following the emotional Selichos gathering at the Kosel, Braslavski published a deeply personal message addressed to Hashem, reflecting on the moments when he struggled during captivity, the emunah he says sustained him, and his gratitude for having survived and returned home.

“Forgive me, Hakadosh Baruch Hu Father in Heaven, I made it all the way to the Western Wall in our beautiful land to tell You that I am sorry,” Braslavski wrote.

“Forgive me for not doing more at Nova. Forgive me for all the times in captivity that I broke, that I doubted, that I lost faith.”

Braslavski was working as a security guard at the Nova music festival near Re’im on October 7, 2023, when Hamas-led terrorists attacked the area. He was abducted to Gaza and remained in captivity for more than two years before being released.

In his Yom Kippur message, Braslavski wrote candidly about the feelings of humiliation and helplessness that accompanied his captivity, even asking forgiveness for the physical and emotional moments in which he felt he had been unable to remain strong.

“Forgive me for all the times I allowed the feeling of humiliation to hurt me. Forgive me for all the times I did not stand strong against the terrorists. For every time I fainted, for every time I cried.”

Despite those moments, Braslavski said that throughout his captivity he maintained an underlying conviction that Hashem would ultimately bring him home.

“I always knew in captivity that You would save me. I always knew that You would not let me remain in Gaza. I felt You with me in Gaza every day, every hour.”

Braslavski described the ordeal as a test of his emunah, invoking the nisayon of Avraham Avinu at the Akeidah as he reflected on what he had endured.

“You tested me, Hakadosh Baruch Hu, You tested my faith, as You did to Avraham Avinu at the Binding of Isaac, and I feel that I passed it.”

Braslavski then spoke of his pride in having retained his Jewish identity despite efforts by his captors to pressure him to convert to Islam.

“I am proud that I am Your son. At every opportunity they had to convert me to Islam, I did not give in to their pressure. Even in captivity, I always knew that a Father would not abandon His children.”

In one of the most striking passages of his message, Braslavski expressed gratitude even for the ordeal itself, saying that his captivity had opened his eyes and strengthened his relationship with Hashem.

“Father, I thank You for causing human animals, terrorists, to kidnap me. Thank You for opening my eyes. Thank You for all the times You saved me from death. You were there with me, and for that I thank You, Hashem Yisbarach.”

Braslavski concluded by contrasting where he stood on the previous Yom Kippur with where he was standing now — at the Kosel, free.

“Last year, on the previous Yom Kippur, I was a prisoner of Zion in Deir al-Balah. And today I am free at the Western Wall. On my way to the Western Wall, I saw the Al-Aqsa Mosque. With Hashem’s help, Father in Heaven, You will return that to us as well. Thank You, Hashem Yisbarach, for redeeming me from the house of bondage.”

The words were published just hours before Yom Kippur, as Braslavski joined thousands at the Kosel for the final Selichos before the holiest day of the Jewish calendar.

For Braslavski, however, the familiar words of Selichos carried a meaning few others could experience. One Yom Kippur earlier, he had been held captive in Deir al-Balah, uncertain whether he would ever return home.

This year, he stood at the Kosel as a free man, offering a prayer of forgiveness, gratitude and emunah to the One he says he never stopped believing would bring him home.

{Matzav.com}

Israel’s Chief Rabbi, Rav Kalman Meir Ber, has issued detailed halachic guidance ahead of Yom Kippur, addressing some of the most common practical questions surrounding the fast, including when an ill person must eat or drink, the proper amounts for eating and drinking in shiurim, when staying home from shul takes precedence over attending tefillah, how children should be trained to fast, and the special importance of Neilah.

In his letter, Rav Ber begins not with the technical laws of fasting, but with the deeper meaning of Yom Kippur as the day on which Klal Yisroel is granted forgiveness and the opportunity to renew its relationship with the Ribono Shel Olam.

Quoting Chazal, Rav Ber notes that Yom Kippur was described as one of the greatest Yomim Tovim given to Klal Yisroel because it contains forgiveness and atonement.

He then cites the famous words of Rav Akiva: “Fortunate are you, Israel. Before Whom are you purified, and Who purifies you? Your Father in Heaven.”

Rav Ber explains that the joy of Yom Kippur is not merely that sins can be forgiven. It is the opportunity for a Jew to once again stand before his Father in Heaven and experience the purification that comes directly from Him.

The relationship between Klal Yisroel and Hashem, he explains, is not an ordinary relationship, but that of a father and his children — a bond that is deep and cannot be severed.

That understanding also reveals the true seriousness of aveirah. A sin is not simply a violation of Hashem’s command; it creates distance between a child and his Father. The deeper the relationship, the greater the pain caused when that relationship is damaged.

Teshuvah on Yom Kippur, therefore, means more than regretting individual sins. It means recognizing the pain of having become distant from Hashem and developing a genuine desire to return to Him.

At the same time, Rav Ber writes, therein lies the tremendous hope of teshuvah. A father continues waiting for his child even when that child has wandered away. Hashem, Who desires teshuvah, similarly waits for His children to return.

That, he explains, is the extraordinary gift of Yom Kippur: Hashem opens the road back, purifies Klal Yisroel and lovingly accepts His children when they return.

Rav Ber then turns to the practical halachos of the day.

Regarding eating and drinking, he writes that one who eats the volume of a koseves hagasah or drinks a melo lugmav on Yom Kippur has violated the Torah prohibition at its full measure.

For practical purposes, Rav Ber places the food measurement at approximately 30 cubic centimeters. The measurement for drinking varies according to the individual because melo lugmav depends upon the size of a person’s mouth and body. For an average-sized adult, approximately 40 milliliters of liquid is below the full shiur. A particularly small or large individual may require a personalized measurement.

Rav Ber stresses that consuming less than a full shiur does not make eating or drinking ordinarily permissible on Yom Kippur. Even less than the full amount remains prohibited by the Torah. The concept of shiurim applies when a person is medically required to consume food or liquid but is able to do so in smaller amounts.

When food or drink is consumed repeatedly within the relevant halachic time period, the amounts can combine. Rav Ber writes that for Yom Kippur one should be stringent and use nine minutes as the interval for kedei achilas pras.

A person who is dangerously ill is exempt from fasting, Rav Ber rules. If the patient’s medical needs can be met by drinking without eating, the patient should drink and not eat. Similarly, if the person’s condition permits eating or drinking in shiurim, he should not consume ordinary quantities unnecessarily.

Someone who medically must eat or drink on Yom Kippur, and has received appropriate guidance from a rav, should therefore consume less than the relevant shiur whenever medically possible, waiting nine minutes from the conclusion of one portion until beginning the next.

If the patient’s condition does not allow a nine-minute interval, the waiting period should be extended for as long as medically feasible. Depending upon the patient’s needs and the instructions of a rav, the interval can be shortened to four minutes and, when necessary, to two minutes.

When a patient must drink more frequently for medical reasons, the required quantity should be consumed in several smaller swallows rather than one large drink when circumstances permit.

Rav Ber emphasizes an important practical principle for people who find the fast difficult: fasting takes precedence over going to shul.

A man or woman who can either fast while remaining in bed at home or attend shul but then need to eat or drink should remain home and fast. There is no permission to eat or drink — even in shiurim — merely in order to have the strength to attend shul.

Rav Ber goes even further: if someone who is already required to drink less than a shiur can eliminate even one of those drinks by staying home and resting, it is preferable for the person to remain in bed and daven alone rather than attend shul and require the additional drink.

On the other hand, Rav Ber warns that a genuinely ill person who is medically required to eat or drink may not decide to be stringent and fast anyway.

He cites the posuk, “But your blood of your lives I will demand,” stressing that protecting one’s life is itself a Torah obligation. A sick person who is permitted or required to eat needs no atonement for doing so, because the Torah itself exempts a person in such circumstances.

Rav Ber relates a striking account involving the Sar Shalom of Belz. His son, Rav Yehoshua of Belz, described the family’s concern during a Yom Kippur when his father was ill: “We were confused, fearing that he would not want to eat on Yom Kippur. However, he, of blessed memory, in his great righteousness, was diligent in the matter, and immediately after Kol Nidrei hurried and instructed that he be given to eat according to what he needed, and said in these words: ‘I am hereby ready and prepared to fulfill the commandment of my Creator as Chazal instructed,’ and he ate with extraordinary joy. We almost never saw such joy except when eating matzah and taking the lulav.”

Rav Ber specifically urges diabetics, people who regularly take medications — including psychiatric medications — as well as pregnant women, women who have recently given birth and nursing mothers, when there is a relevant medical concern, to consult their treating physician before Yom Kippur and then ask a rav how they should conduct themselves during the fast.

The Chief Rabbi also addresses the laws governing someone who must eat on Yom Kippur.

An ill person who needs to eat does not make Kiddush, either over wine or bread, and does not require lechem mishneh. If eating an ordinary meal requiring netilas yadayim, the person washes in the usual manner and recites the bracha. Someone eating less than a shiur, however, does not recite the bracha over netilas yadayim.

After a meal, mayim acharonim is performed as usual. In Birkas Hamazon, the person adds Yaaleh Veyavo with the reference to Yom Kippur. If it was forgotten and the person has already completed the bracha of Boneh Yerushalayim, he does not go back.

Someone reciting Al Hamichyah should likewise add the appropriate reference to Yom Kippur.

A person who was required because of illness to eat normally on Yom Kippur may receive an aliyah during Shacharis, but not during Mincha. However, Rav Ber writes that someone who consumed only less than a shiur at each interval may receive an aliyah even at Mincha.

Turning to children, Rav Ber writes that young children are permitted to eat and drink on Yom Kippur, and adults may feed them directly.

Healthy boys and girls from age nine should begin being trained in a partial fast by delaying their regular eating time for an hour or more according to their strength. Rav Ber writes that weaker children begin this training from age ten.

Children younger than nine should not be made to fast at all. Even if such a child independently wants to fast, adults should prevent the child from doing so.

From age eleven until bar or bas mitzvah, Rav Ber writes that the contemporary practice is generally not to train children to complete the entire fast because of the physical weakness prevalent today, unless a particular child is known to be healthy and strong enough to do so.

A girl who has reached twelve years and one day and a boy who has reached thirteen years and one day are obligated to complete the fast.

Rav Ber also discusses the other Yom Kippur restrictions as they apply to children.

Babies are technically permitted to be washed and anointed. Nevertheless, under contemporary circumstances, one should not wash or anoint them unnecessarily, even through a non-Jew. If a child becomes significantly dirty, the child may be washed as necessary for cleanliness, even if the adult’s hands inevitably become wet in the process.

Once a child has reached the age at which he or she is being trained to fast for several hours, the child should also be educated to refrain from unnecessary washing and anointing.

Children should not wear leather shoes on Yom Kippur, Rav Ber writes, because refraining from leather footwear does not impose the same type of hardship on a child as fasting.

The Chief Rabbi concludes his guidance with the final moments of Yom Kippur and the unique significance of Neilah.

Neilah, he writes, represents the sealing of the judgment written on Rosh Hashanah. A person should therefore make an exceptional effort to strengthen his tefillah during these final moments.

The culmination of the entire Aseres Yemei Teshuvah is Yom Kippur, Rav Ber writes, and the culmination of Yom Kippur itself is Neilah, because everything ultimately follows the sealing.

Even a person weakened by the fast should gather whatever strength remains to daven with clear and pure concentration and undertake genuine commitments toward teshuvah. Chazal teach that one who comes to purify himself receives assistance from Above, and a person should use those final moments to plead to be sealed in the Book of a good life.

Rav Ber cites Rav Meir Simcha Hakohen of Dvinsk, who writes in the Meshech Chochmah that during Neilah, Hashem, so to speak, judges each person individually.

For that reason, Rav Meir Simcha explains, Neilah possesses an exceptional power for teshuvah and kapparah, even regarding the grave sin of chillul Hashem, for which Yom Kippur alone ordinarily does not provide complete atonement. At that moment, Hashem can forgive an affront to His own honor.

Every moment of Neilah, Rav Ber writes, should therefore be utilized for heartfelt tefillah, tears and genuine regret, while beseeching Hashem to accept our teshuvah and seal us in the Book of a good life.

Finally, Rav Ber addresses Birchas Kohanim during Neilah. Birchas Kohanim is recited during Neilah, although the Ashkenazic custom outside Eretz Yisroel is generally not to perform it, while in Eretz Yisroel the Kohanim do so.

The Birchas Kohanim should take place before nightfall. Once it is fully dark, the Kohanim may no longer perform it.

If time is running short, Rav Ber writes that the piyutim may be recited after the tefillah so that Birchas Kohanim can take place while it is still daytime. If bein hashmashos has already begun, there is a halachic question as to whether it may still be performed; bedieved, there are opinions permitting reliance on the period extending until approximately thirteen and a half minutes after sunset.

Ideally, however, if Neilah is running late, some of the piyutim during Chazaras Hashatz should be omitted in order to reach Birchas Kohanim before sunset, although Rav Ber notes that some communities have a custom not to rush the tefillah for that purpose.

The comprehensive guidance carries a single theme throughout: Yom Kippur demands seriousness both in observing the fast and in protecting life according to halachah. For the healthy, the fast takes precedence even over attending shul when the two conflict. For someone who medically needs to eat or drink, following the requirements of halachah is itself the proper fulfillment of Hashem’s will.

And as the long day reaches its final moments, Rav Ber urges every Jew to gather his remaining strength for Neilah — the closing moments of a day whose ultimate purpose is not merely fasting, but returning to the embrace of our Father in Heaven.

{Matzav.com}

Three Breslover Chassidim traveling to or returning from Uman have recently been arrested in separate incidents in Cyprus and Moldova, including one traveler detained over a suitcase containing khat allegedly sent to Cyprus approximately a year ago.

The arrests come amid the annual wave of travel surrounding Rosh Hashanah in Uman, when large numbers of Breslover Chassidim and other mispallelim make their way to the Ukrainian city to daven at the tziyun of Rav Nachman of Breslov.

According to a report by Ynet, one of the travelers was arrested immediately after landing in Cyprus while traveling onward toward Ukraine.

The arrest reportedly stemmed from an incident approximately a year earlier, when the man allegedly sent a suitcase packed with khat to Cyprus. Although he ultimately decided not to board the flight himself, the suitcase continued to its destination.

Authorities reportedly linked the luggage to the traveler and entered his name into the police system. When he arrived in Cyprus this year as part of his journey toward Ukraine, the outstanding matter was flagged and he was taken into custody.

Khat is a plant whose leaves contain the stimulants cathinone and cathine. Its legal status varies considerably between countries, and travelers carrying or importing it can face serious criminal consequences in jurisdictions where the substance is prohibited or controlled.

Two additional Breslover Chassidim were arrested in Moldova in unrelated incidents.

In one case, a traveler was arrested after allegedly striking a local pedestrian with a vehicle and leaving the victim seriously injured.

Because of the severity of the pedestrian’s injuries, Moldovan authorities sought to keep the driver in custody while the case is investigated. A court subsequently extended his detention for 40 days.

The third incident occurred in Chisinau, the Moldovan capital, and involved a Breslover Chassid who was returning from Uman.

Authorities allegedly discovered that the traveler was in possession of forged passports, leading to his arrest.

The man was released on bail this past Friday, but his legal difficulties remain unresolved. A Moldovan court prohibited him from leaving the country, requiring him to remain in Moldova while the proceedings against him continue.

The three cases are not believed to be connected and involve separate alleged offenses in two different countries.

Moldova has become one of the principal transit routes for travelers heading to Uman since the outbreak of the war in Ukraine and the closure of Ukrainian airspace to normal commercial passenger flights. Many travelers fly into Chisinau and continue by bus or other ground transportation across the border into Ukraine.

Cyprus has also served as one of several transit points used by travelers making their way toward Eastern Europe.

The three arrests underscore the legal complications that can arise during the increasingly complex annual journey to Uman, particularly as travelers pass through multiple countries, each with its own immigration, customs and criminal laws.

In the Cyprus case, the traveler remains entangled in an investigation dating back approximately a year. In Moldova, one traveler remains in extended detention over the serious traffic accident, while the other has been released on bail but is barred from leaving the country as the investigation into the allegedly forged passports proceeds.

Nine Israeli citizens have been arrested in Turkey as part of a sweeping operation targeting an alleged international fraud network accused of stealing at least $266 million from victims across several continents.

The Israelis were among a much larger group of suspects detained by Turkish authorities during raids connected to the alleged criminal operation.

According to Turkish media reports, investigators suspect the nine Israelis of participating in the international fraud network.

Israel’s Foreign Ministry confirmed that it was aware of the arrests and said it is “handling the incident and working to ensure that the rights of the Israeli citizens are protected.”

Turkish Justice Minister Akin Gürlek described the alleged criminal organization as being “linked to Israel.”

Despite that characterization, the overwhelming majority of those detained in the operation are reportedly Turkish citizens. Foreign nationals arrested in the crackdown also include citizens of Iran, Pakistan, Syria, Lebanon and Bangladesh, along with Palestinian Arabs and nationals of Jordan and Egypt.

Other individuals suspected of belonging to the same alleged organization reportedly come from a wide range of countries, including Thailand, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Indonesia, Morocco, Mexico and Argentina.

According to Gürlek, the investigation uncovered an extensive fraud operation that allegedly targeted victims in Europe, the Far East and Africa, with losses totaling at least $266 million.

“An organized fraud network that targeted several countries was uncovered after we determined that its principal owners were linked to Israel,” Gürlek wrote on X.

The raids were conducted in cooperation with Turkey’s intelligence services and Interpol, according to the Turkish authorities.

As part of the massive operation, law enforcement officers searched 236 locations in Istanbul and Muğla while seeking suspects and evidence connected to the alleged scheme.

Reports indicate that individual victims suffered widely varying losses. Some allegedly lost tens of thousands of dollars, while others were reportedly defrauded of hundreds of thousands.

Gürlek said the alleged organization operated an international system designed to approach potential victims in their own languages.

He claimed that “the network recruited victims through customer service representatives who spoke various languages.”

The investigation remains ongoing, while Israel’s Foreign Ministry continues to follow the cases of the nine detained Israeli citizens and work to ensure that their legal rights are protected.

A senior United Arab Emirates source has rejected a central element of a controversial Israeli media report claiming that UAE President Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed personally warned Prime Minister Bibi Netanyahu about a looming Hamas attack in the days before the Oct. 7, 2023 massacre.

Responding to an inquiry from the Abu Dhabi-based newspaper The National, the Emirati official said sensitive security intelligence between countries is handled through the appropriate professional agencies rather than through direct conversations between national leaders. The statement adds a significant new element to a dispute that has erupted in Israel just weeks before the country’s Oct. 27 election.

The Emirati source said the “UAE discusses security matters with other countries through the relevant entities, and does not discuss such details at the level of national leaders”.

The controversy began with an investigation by Israeli journalists Shlomi Eldar and Ruth Yuval, connected to their new book about the events surrounding Oct. 7. Their account alleged that bin Zayed contacted Netanyahu in late September 2023 after receiving intelligence that then-Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar was preparing a major operation against Israel.

According to their account, Sinwar had conveyed through an intermediary that he was preparing an “earthquake,” prompting concern in Abu Dhabi that Hamas was preparing something far more serious than another limited round of fighting.

Eldar described what he said was the unusual communications arrangement used for conversations between Netanyahu and the Emirati president.

“They have conversations that are conducted in a unique manner. There is a special application developed by the Emirates. A representative from the embassy arrives with the application, with a phone, and they conduct a conversation that lasts 45 minutes,” Eldar said.

The journalists reported that during the alleged conversation, bin Zayed conveyed the warning about Sinwar’s intentions and Netanyahu sought to reassure him.

“We are prepared in Gaza,” Netanyahu reportedly responded.

According to the investigation, Netanyahu believed that if serious violence erupted, it was more likely to occur in Judea and Samaria rather than Gaza. The report further alleged that Netanyahu did not subsequently relay the purported conversation to then-IDF Chief of Staff Herzi Halevi, then-Shin Bet chief Ronen Bar or Mossad director David Barnea.

Netanyahu has categorically denied that the conversation ever occurred.

The Prime Minister’s Office said earlier this month that it had examined Netanyahu’s communications records and found no evidence of any conversation with bin Zayed between the beginning of September 2023 and the Hamas attack on Oct. 7.

Netanyahu subsequently instructed his attorneys to pursue a defamation action against Haaretz, Eldar and others connected to the report. His office described the allegation as a fabrication and argued that the timing of its publication was politically motivated.

The Prime Minister’s Office said in its response that the Prime Minister’s Office itself, the National Security Council and Netanyahu’s military secretary had all reviewed the relevant records.

According to Netanyahu’s office, official conversations between the prime minister and bin Zayed are ordinarily conducted through an Emirati representative who physically arrives at the Prime Minister’s Office with a special encrypted communications device. Such conversations are documented, the office said.

Officials also examined entry records for the Prime Minister’s Office during the relevant period and, according to Netanyahu’s account, found no record of an Emirati representative entering the compound for such a conversation.

Netanyahu’s office has characterized the report as “a false libel against the prime minister that never happened and was never created.”

Netanyahu later called the story “a sinister libel with clear political timing, as part of the left’s election campaign,” arguing that additional politically motivated allegations could emerge ahead of the election.

The UAE’s response to the controversy has developed in stages. When the allegation first emerged earlier this month, the Emirati Foreign Ministry stopped short of explicitly confirming or denying whether a conversation between the two leaders had occurred.

At the time, the ministry said the UAE government “does not comment on reports or speculations published in the media regarding conversations between government leaders”.

The ministry added that Emirati and Israeli government agencies have maintained direct communication channels since diplomatic relations were established under the Abraham Accords and said relevant intelligence continues to be shared between the appropriate bodies when necessary.

The latest statement from an official Emirati source goes further by directly addressing how such security information would normally be handled. The source’s assertion that intelligence matters are dealt with by the relevant agencies rather than by national leaders contradicts the reported account of bin Zayed personally conveying such a warning to Netanyahu.

The dispute has taken on heightened political significance because questions surrounding what Israeli political and security leaders knew before Oct. 7 remain deeply contested. The Hamas-led attack killed approximately 1,200 people in Israel and saw 251 people taken hostage, according to Israeli figures.

The alleged Emirati warning has consequently become part of the political debate ahead of Israel’s upcoming election, with Netanyahu’s opponents citing the Haaretz investigation in their criticism of his handling of the period preceding the attack, while Netanyahu and his office insist the reported conversation simply never happened.

Netanyahu has also rejected a separate allegation that Egypt provided him with a specific advance warning before Oct. 7, saying that claim was already investigated and disproven shortly after the war began.

The latest Emirati statement does not establish whether intelligence concerning Hamas intentions was exchanged at lower levels between Emirati and Israeli agencies before Oct. 7. Indeed, the UAE has explicitly said the two countries maintain channels for sharing relevant intelligence. What the Emirati source disputed is the account that such detailed security information was discussed directly at the leadership level.

With Netanyahu threatening legal action and the journalists standing behind their reporting, the question of whether the alleged 45-minute conversation ever took place has moved beyond a dispute over the intelligence failures preceding Oct. 7 and become a significant issue in Israel’s current election campaign.

An unusual security incident in northern Gaza saw an unarmed Gazan cross the Yellow Line and make his way directly to the entrance of an IDF position operated by the 99th Division before being spotted and detained, according to details that emerged approximately three weeks after the incident occurred.

The suspect managed to approach an armored IDF vehicle and then climbed onto the protective embankment surrounding the military position.

A soldier stationed at the entrance eventually noticed the man and immediately began the IDF’s standard procedure for apprehending a suspicious individual. The suspect was taken into custody without further incident and subsequently transferred for questioning.

The man was found to be unarmed.

Video footage of the incident, which was released on Saturday night, shows the suspect reaching an area immediately alongside the entrance to the IDF position. Despite his proximity to the entrance, the military said that “there was no breach of a military post.”

The incident occurred roughly three weeks before it became publicly known. The IDF did not announce the episode when it took place, and both the details and the footage emerged only tonight.

The circumstances surrounding the incident have since been reviewed by the military, including how the suspect succeeded in crossing the Yellow Line and approaching so close to the IDF position before being detected.

The IDF Spokesperson’s Unit said in response: “The incident was investigated and lessons were learned from it. In this case, there was no breach of a military post. During the incident, the procedure for apprehending a suspect was carried out, at the end of which the suspect was detained and transferred for questioning.”

Vice President JD Vance is planning to host a private Shabbos dinner as part of an expanding outreach effort to Jewish Republicans, following months of tensions with some pro-Israel conservatives over his approach to Israel, Iran and the future of American involvement in the Middle East.

The dinner, first reported by i24NEWS, was originally expected to include approximately 40 guests. That number has since been sharply reduced, with a source familiar with the plans saying the smaller gathering was designed in large part to prevent details of the private conversations from leaking publicly. Vance’s office did not respond to i24NEWS’s request for comment.

The gathering is the latest in a series of moves by Vance to engage directly with Jewish Republicans at a time when his views on the U.S.-Israel relationship have generated debate within conservative circles.

Those tensions were renewed this past week when Vance addressed the All-In Summit in Los Angeles and emphasized that while Israel remains an important American partner, Washington’s Middle East policy must ultimately be determined by U.S. interests.

Vance said the United States “cannot let our Middle East foreign policy be subservient to the State of Israel.”

At the same time, the vice president stressed that his position should not be interpreted as opposition to the alliance. He pointed specifically to cooperation between the two countries on military technology and intelligence sharing, while arguing that allies will inevitably have disagreements.

“We’re going to work with people when we work with them. We’re going to disagree when we disagree. And we’re going to pursue America’s interests,” Vance said.

Vance also said President Donald Trump has demonstrated a willingness to disagree with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu when the administration believes Israeli and American interests diverge. He compared the relationship to other U.S. alliances, arguing that close cooperation does not mean Washington must automatically adopt another government’s position.

The vice president has repeatedly raised another concern: the erosion of American public support for Israel, particularly among younger voters. Vance has argued that supporters of the alliance can no longer assume that younger Americans will instinctively view Israel as an important U.S. partner.

That issue was a major subject when Vance appeared at the Republican Jewish Coalition’s annual leadership gathering in Las Vegas at the beginning of September. The vice president participated in a closed-door fireside discussion with RJC national chairman and former Minnesota Sen. Norm Coleman.

During the discussion, Vance acknowledged “a growing suspicion among, I would call it, under-40s” toward the U.S.-Israel relationship.

Rather than dismissing that skepticism, Vance argued that Republicans and other supporters of Israel need to explain the alliance in terms of tangible American interests.

“I think my view is what we have to do is articulate why this is in the best interest of the United States of America, and actually get out there and talk about the ways in which it is in the best interest of the United States of America,” Vance said.

Vance described Israel during the Las Vegas gathering as “certainly one of our most important alliances in the world,” according to an audio recording obtained by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency. He pointed to intelligence gathering and technology sharing as examples of areas where the relationship benefits the United States.

Axios separately reported that Vance called Israel “extremely important to America’s national security” during the private meeting.

But the Las Vegas appearance also exposed areas of friction between Vance and portions of the Jewish Republican community.

One source of controversy has been Vance’s continued friendship with conservative commentator Tucker Carlson, whose commentary on Israel and platforming of guests accused of antisemitism have drawn sharp criticism from Republican Jewish leaders. At the RJC gathering, Coleman publicly condemned Carlson’s platforming of Holocaust deniers and attacks on Jews who support Israel.

Vance has declined calls to sever his relationship with Carlson.

“Tucker is a friend despite the fact that we disagree on a number of things,” Vance recently said. “I’m not gonna play the game where I throw friends under the bus because I have political disagreements.”

During his RJC appearance, Vance did explicitly condemn Nick Fuentes, saying the far-right commentator “really does hate Jews.” But when Coleman raised Carlson, Joe Rogan and other influential podcasters who have hosted controversial guests, Vance largely avoided addressing Carlson directly.

Despite those disagreements, Vance received standing ovations when he entered and left the closed-door RJC session, according to people who attended. Former White House press secretary Ari Fleischer, an RJC board member, subsequently described the appearance as a constructive development.

“Today is not primary day. But I think today was progress day for JD Vance and the Jewish community,” Fleischer said.

Vance’s outreach continued this past Thursday with a private White House meeting with New York Jewish radio personality Sid Rosenberg, who had previously been outspoken in criticizing the vice president over Israel and his friendship with Carlson.

Rosenberg said he entered the meeting with “very low expectations,” but emerged with a significantly more positive impression of Vance.

“The talk was that I was going to grill JD Vance on Tucker Carlson and the Israel comments he’s been making as of late,” Rosenberg said. “This was more of a get-to-know-each-other session.”

Rosenberg said most of the substance of the approximately half-hour discussion would remain private, but said “it went well” and that the two “hit it off.” He indicated that additional meetings dealing with substantive issues were likely.

“He is willing to listen,” Rosenberg said. “I don’t think by any stretch that JD Vance hates Israel, hates the Jewish people.”

Shabbos Kestenbaum, the Jewish campus activist who spoke at the 2024 Republican National Convention, also pointed to the planned dinner as evidence that Vance is actively seeking dialogue with American Jews.

“Vice President Vance is making considerable outreach efforts to the American Jewish community, particularly with this Shabbat dinner,” Kestenbaum told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency.

Kestenbaum added that he looks “forward to working together on our common interests while also expressing our concerns.”

The outreach comes as Vance continues to argue that the traditional political assumptions surrounding Israel are changing, especially among younger Americans. His stated approach has been to defend the alliance primarily by emphasizing the benefits it provides to American security and strategic interests, while maintaining that Washington must remain willing to disagree with Jerusalem.

The planned Shabbos dinner appears designed to continue that conversation in a much smaller and more private setting. Who will attend has not been publicly disclosed, nor have details been released about precisely where the dinner will take place.

What is clear is that Vance is devoting increasing attention to his relationship with Jewish Republicans. Between his closed-door appearance before the RJC, his private meeting with Rosenberg and now the planned Shabbos gathering, the vice president has increasingly chosen face-to-face discussions with Jewish conservatives as questions persist within parts of that constituency over his views on Israel and the direction of American Middle East policy.

{Matzav.com}

Thousands of mourners, led by prominent Admorim, rabbonim and roshei yeshiva, gathered in Tel Aviv on Motzoei Shabbos Shuvah to participate in the levayah of Hagaon Hatzaddik Rav Mordechai Auerbach zt”l, the longtime rav of Kehillas Abir Yaakov, who was niftar shortly after the conclusion of Shabbos.

The emotional levayah began outside Rav Auerbach’s bais medrash on Oliphant Street in the heart of Tel Aviv, where he had spent decades spreading Torah, avodah and yiras Shomayim, while drawing Jews from across the religious spectrum closer to Torah and Yiddishkeit.

The streets surrounding the bais medrash filled with mourners who arrived from Tel Aviv and communities throughout Eretz Yisroel to pay their final respects to the revered rav. Oliphant Street and surrounding roads were closed to traffic as the enormous crowd continued to swell.

At the head of the levayah were numerous Admorim, leading rabbonim and roshei yeshiva, together with hundreds of Rav Auerbach’s talmidim, mispallelim and admirers who had been deeply attached to him over the course of many years.

The atmosphere was particularly painful for the Tel Aviv community that Rav Auerbach had shepherded for decades. His bais medrash had become far more than a neighborhood shul. In an increasingly secular city, it served as a vibrant center of Torah and tefillah, as well as a home for Jews seeking guidance, encouragement and a closer connection to Yiddishkeit.

During the levayah, members of the family delivered deeply emotional hespedim, struggling through tears as they spoke of the enormous loss to the family, his kehillah and the wider Olam HaTorah.

Among the central maspidim was Rav Auerbach’s brother, Hagaon Rav Azriel Auerbach, one of Eretz Yisroel’s leading poskim. Rav Azriel wept bitterly as he mourned the loss of his brother and spoke of the void left behind both within their illustrious family and throughout the Torah world.

For those gathered outside Abir Yaakov, the loss was intensely personal. Many in the crowd had known Rav Mordechai not simply as the son of Rav Shlomo Zalman or as one of Tel Aviv’s distinguished rabbonim, but as their own rav — the figure they approached with their questions, struggles and simchos, and whose presence had become part of the fabric of their lives.

The sight of thousands crowding the streets of Tel Aviv on Motzoei Shabbos reflected the extraordinary reach of a rav whose life had been devoted to maintaining and strengthening Torah in the heart of the city.

Following the hespedim, the mittah departed Tel Aviv for Yerushalayim, as the massive crowd accompanied Rav Auerbach amid tears and cries of grief.

A second portion of the levayah was scheduled to take place at the Shamgar Funeral Home in Yerushalayim, before the kevurah.

Rav Auerbach’s petirah on the eve of Yom Kippur has plunged his family, his kehillah, his many talmidim and admirers, and the broader Torah community into mourning.

For decades, his voice and presence were inseparable from the Abir Yaakov bais medrash on Oliphant Street. On Motzoei Shabbos Shuvah, that same street was filled with thousands who came one final time — not to hear his shiur, seek his counsel or receive his warm greeting, but to accompany their beloved rav on his final journey.

Yehi zichro baruch.

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הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר

הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר

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הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר

הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר הלווית הגר”מ אויערבאך זצ”לצילום: שוקי לרר

President Donald Trump announced today that he plans to establish a new “AI Force” and appoint an artificial intelligence “czar,” while making clear that his administration does not intend to slow the rapid development of AI in response to mounting warnings from researchers, technology executives and lawmakers about potential risks posed by increasingly powerful systems.

Trump said the federal government would seek to address misconduct involving artificial intelligence through existing criminal and civil laws rather than imposing a broad new regulatory structure that could restrain the industry. He compared the planned AI initiative to his establishment of the U.S. Space Force during his first term, although the White House has not yet explained precisely how the new body would be structured or what authority it would have.

The announcement came as Trump sharply rejected warnings that rapidly advancing AI could eventually develop capabilities beyond human control. In a lengthy Truth Social post, the President grouped the current push for greater AI restrictions with a series of political controversies he has previously characterized as hoaxes.

“Over the years, there have been many Hoaxes, all generated by the Radical Left Dumocrats, for purposes of destroying our Country. RUSSIA, RUSSIA, RUSSIA, UKRAINE, UKRAINE, UKRAINE, Global Warming, Impeachment Hoax #1, Impeachment Hoax #2, Men in Women’s Sports, Transgender for Everyone, and now, the decimation, or destruction, of AI, commonly known as Artificial Intelligence — And I, as President of the United States, will not stand by and let this happen,” Trump wrote on his Truth Social account Saturday afternoon.

Trump also pointed to growing resistance to the construction of massive data centers around the country, describing what he termed the “crazed Data Center attack” as part of the broader opposition to the AI industry. Data centers have generated disputes in communities over electricity costs, water consumption, land use and infrastructure demands, with concerns coming from officials and residents across the political spectrum.

The President said his administration would instead work to foster continued expansion of the industry while using existing law to respond to wrongdoing.

“We will not in any way hinder or stifle the Growth of this incredible Industry. Rather, we will cherish it, help it, and watch over it, as it grows! However, we will also be looking for BAD” through the existing criminal justice system, he wrote.

Trump then unveiled his planned new government initiative.

“For this purpose, I am forming the AI Force, much like I did Space Force, which has been a tremendous SUCCESS, in my First Term.” He said he was screening “High I.Q. individuals” for the AI post.

Trump did not provide details about whether the AI Force would be a civilian organization, part of an existing federal department or an entirely new entity. The White House also did not immediately clarify its planned size, responsibilities or legal authority.

The comparison to Space Force is significant. Trump established the U.S. Space Force in December 2019 as the sixth branch of the Armed Forces. Although the proposal generated considerable political debate when Trump first promoted it, Space Force has since become a permanent component of the U.S. military.

The new announcement comes amid an unusually intense debate over the potential dangers of advanced AI. Researchers and several prominent technology executives have recently urged policymakers and AI companies to consider slowing the development of the most powerful systems while stronger safeguards are created. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and Elon Musk are among those who have publicly supported stronger safety measures or coordinated limits on the pace of frontier AI development.

The issue gained additional attention after Jacob Coxon, a researcher who left Anthropic, issued a stark warning about what he believes could happen if increasingly powerful systems are developed without adequate safeguards.

Coxon warned that artificial intelligence “could kill us all by the end of the decade.”

His warning was part of a broader argument that researchers inside leading AI laboratories have genuine concerns about losing control of highly capable systems. Other experts dispute the likelihood of such catastrophic scenarios, while some argue that policymakers should focus more heavily on immediate problems such as cybersecurity, fraud, employment disruption and misinformation.

The growing debate has prompted calls in Congress for federal legislation governing the technology. Lawmakers from both parties have raised concerns about different aspects of AI, although there remains substantial disagreement over how extensive federal regulation should be and whether restrictions could weaken the United States in its technological competition with China.

Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont has been among the lawmakers advocating aggressive government intervention as AI becomes increasingly capable, while other members of Congress have proposed safety requirements and mechanisms for shutting down systems under extreme circumstances. Trump, however, has resisted proposals he believes could significantly slow American AI development.

Matt Pearl, a director at the Center for Strategic and International Studies and a former National Security Council official, said Trump’s latest move reflects the extent to which artificial intelligence has moved to the center of national policy debates.

Pearl described the announcement as “recognition” that AI has become “the central defining issue of our time.”

“They’ve become kind of the central aspect of our policy in our political environment,” Pearl said.

“You’re seeing it with a backlash against data centers. Unfortunately, I think you’re seeing it in the concerns about the frontier AI models, and then you also see it, you know in the upcoming summit with Xi [Jinping] in terms of competition with [China] and whether the US is going to lead in this.”

The rivalry with China has become a central component of the administration’s approach. Trump has repeatedly argued that excessive restrictions on American companies could allow China to overtake the United States in AI, a technology increasingly viewed as important to economic growth, cybersecurity and military capabilities.

Trump has also floated changing the terminology used for artificial intelligence. On Saturday, he posted an online poll asking his followers whether AI should instead be called “Super Intelligence, Extreme Intelligence, or Supreme Intelligence,” inviting users to vote on the alternatives.

The announcement comes ahead of a major gathering of technology executives in Washington. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, Tesla and SpaceX chief Elon Musk, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos and Google CEO Sundar Pichai are among the prominent technology figures expected in Washington for events surrounding Chinese President Xi Jinping’s state visit.

Trump is also expected to put artificial intelligence prominently on the agenda surrounding next week’s diplomatic meetings, as Washington increasingly views AI leadership as a major component of its economic and strategic competition with Beijing.

The timing also places the announcement immediately ahead of high-level U.S.-China economic talks. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent is scheduled to meet senior Chinese officials in New York as the two governments prepare for Xi’s visit to Washington, with trade and technology issues expected to figure prominently in the discussions.

For now, however, many of the most consequential details of Trump’s announcement remain unanswered. The President has not identified who will serve as the new AI czar, how the AI Force will operate or what powers it will possess.

What Trump did make clear Saturday is the direction he wants the federal government to take: continued rapid American AI development, enforcement against specific wrongdoing through existing laws and resistance to sweeping restrictions that he believes could surrender the technological advantage to China.

A driverless Waymo vehicle became locked in an awkward standoff with an on-duty fire truck responding to an alarm at an Austin, Texas, hotel this week, temporarily obstructing the emergency vehicle as firefighters attempted to reach the property.

The Sept. 14 incident, captured on video by hotel guest David Munoz, is drawing renewed attention to the challenges autonomous vehicles can encounter when interacting with emergency responders. It comes months after Austin officials documented other instances in which Waymo vehicles interfered with emergency operations, including during the response to a deadly mass shooting earlier this year.

Munoz said the Waymo had been dropping off a passenger at the hotel when a fire alarm was activated. As the autonomous vehicle began leaving the property, an Austin Fire Department truck arrived in response to the alarm.

“At that time, a Waymo was dropping a passenger off. Once the Waymo began to leave, the fire truck arrived in response to the alarm,” Munoz told Storyful.

Video from the encounter shows the empty Waymo facing the fire truck in the hotel driveway. Rather than immediately clearing the path for the emergency vehicle, the robotaxi can be seen edging forward as the fire truck attempts to maneuver around it and at one point backs up.

The unusual encounter did not ultimately involve an actual fire or medical emergency. Munoz said the hotel alarm proved to be a false alarm and nobody was injured.

Munoz said he found the situation amusing because the autonomous vehicle appeared unable to recognize that it needed to clear the way for the fire truck.

“I thought it was funny the Waymo was not able to determine the fire truck needed to get to the hotel, and instead of pulling over, blocked the truck’s path,” he said.

Waymo provided a somewhat different description of the encounter, saying its vehicle was leaving the hotel after completing a passenger trip when it encountered the arriving fire truck.

“After a brief pause, the vehicle backed up and allowed the fire truck to pass. Shortly after the Waymo vehicle’s maneuver, the fire truck exited the parking lot,” the statement read.

The company also stressed that it takes its responsibilities toward emergency personnel seriously as it expands autonomous ride-hailing operations in Texas.

“Operating in Austin and across Texas is a privilege that carries real responsibility that we take seriously. We appreciate the dedication of first responders, continue to work closely with local public safety partners, and remain committed to continuous learning to better serve our riders and the community.”

Waymo, owned by Google parent Alphabet, operates autonomous vehicles in Austin as part of a partnership with Uber. Riders in the city can be matched with a Waymo vehicle through the Uber platform.

But the latest episode is particularly notable because Austin authorities have already raised concerns about how autonomous vehicles interact with police, firefighters and paramedics during emergencies.

City records show that during the response to the March 1 mass shooting on Austin’s West Sixth Street, a Waymo vehicle blocked an ambulance approximately a block and a half from the scene, forcing the ambulance to divert. Officials said the incident occurred after police, fire and EMS had upgraded the situation to an active attack and autonomous-vehicle companies had been alerted.

Austin officials documented additional Waymo-related problems during the same emergency. Between approximately 2:10 and 2:30 a.m., firefighters reported as many as five Waymo vehicles obstructing a response corridor that had been established for ambulances near Guadalupe and West Sixth streets. Police dispatchers subsequently asked that Waymo be notified to avoid the entire West Sixth Street area, and the company told authorities that it was geofencing a section of the neighborhood.

In one widely circulated incident from that response, an officer approached a Waymo that had stopped in the roadway while an ambulance was attempting to get through. Video showed the vehicle moving incrementally but failing to fully clear the route until the officer interacted with it and ultimately took control of the vehicle.

Those episodes prompted Austin officials to examine more closely how driverless vehicles respond when emergency personnel need immediate access to a roadway.

The City of Austin says its transportation staff collect reports of autonomous-vehicle incidents from city departments and Austin 3-1-1 and pass public-safety concerns to vehicle operators. The city cautions that its incident database contains reported events that have not necessarily been independently validated and may not capture every autonomous-vehicle incident in Austin.

Texas law limits the ability of cities such as Austin to impose their own regulations on autonomous vehicles. Commercial autonomous-vehicle operators are regulated primarily at the state level and are required to provide plans explaining how firefighters, police officers, ambulance crews and other emergency personnel should interact with their vehicles during emergencies.

Waymo says it has developed specific emergency-response procedures and provides instructional material to police, fire and other public-safety agencies. The company says it has conducted in-person training for more than 35,000 first responders at over 150 agencies.

Waymo also maintains that its autonomous-driving technology has a strong overall safety record. The company says its vehicles have logged more than 100 million miles of real-world autonomous driving and cites insurance-claims and crash data that it says show substantially fewer serious crashes than comparable human-driven vehicles. Those figures address overall road safety, however, rather than the narrower question of how the vehicles perform during unusual emergency-response situations.

The Austin hotel episode ended without injuries and with the fire truck eventually getting through. But the footage has once again highlighted a problem emergency officials and autonomous-vehicle developers are confronting as driverless cars become more common: situations that may be immediately obvious to a human driver — such as yielding quickly and decisively to an approaching fire truck — can require autonomous systems to interpret a complicated and rapidly changing scene.

For Austin first responders, the Sept. 14 standoff also comes against the backdrop of the city’s earlier encounters with autonomous vehicles during genuine emergencies, making the seemingly minor hotel incident part of a broader discussion over how robotaxis should behave when seconds can matter.

{Matzav.com}

President Donald Trump’s newly announced security agreement with Greenland and Denmark comes just over two weeks after an American-based mining company completed its acquisition of a major Greenland rare-earth project that the company says could eventually produce roughly one-third of the neodymium-praseodymium oxide currently refined outside China.

Greenland Mines Ltd., a Nasdaq-listed critical-minerals company headquartered in North Carolina, completed its acquisition of the Sarfartoq Rare Earths Project in southwestern Greenland on Sept. 1 after receiving approval from Greenland’s government. The transaction involved $20 million in cash and $15 million in securities.

The project is focused heavily on neodymium and praseodymium, commonly referred to as NdPr. The elements are essential ingredients in powerful permanent magnets used in electric-vehicle motors, wind turbines, advanced electronics and a range of military and defense systems.

Greenland Mines says that, based on 2025 consumption levels, planned annual production from Sarfartoq’s ST1 deposit alone would amount to approximately 34% of all NdPr oxide currently refined outside China during each of the project’s nine scheduled years of operation. The project has not yet reached production.

An independent initial assessment cited by the company calculated a high-case pre-tax net present value of approximately $2.05 billion for the project, including both indicated and inferred mineral resources. The figure is an economic projection rather than a purchase price or current market valuation of the mine.

The preliminary acquisition had been announced earlier this year. The completed transaction gives the U.S.-based company control of a potentially significant source of minerals at a time when Washington and other Western governments are seeking to reduce their dependence on China for critical rare-earth materials.

The mining development has now been followed by a potentially far-reaching security agreement involving Washington, Copenhagen and Nuuk.

President Trump announced Friday that the United States, Denmark and Greenland had reached an agreement “that gives the United States permanent control over security, and all other needs, in Greenland, completely addressing ALL of our many U.S. concerns.”

“From now on, no U.S. adversary can EVER have a base in Greenland, have a military presence in Greenland, or make sensitive investments in Greenland, without our express written approval,” Trump posted on Truth Social.

The governments of Denmark and Greenland confirmed that an agreement is expected to be signed, although their descriptions emphasized that Greenland’s sovereignty and right to self-determination would remain intact. The precise terms have not yet been publicly released.

The three governments are expected to formally sign the agreement during the United Nations General Assembly in New York. According to Denmark’s government, the pact would then be subject to the necessary domestic parliamentary procedures before entering into force.

The timing drew additional attention from Greenland Mines, whose president, Bo Møller Stensgaard, pointed to the security agreement as further evidence of Greenland’s growing strategic significance.

“Today’s announcement underscores what we have long believed: Greenland is becoming one of the most strategically important regions in the world. We applaud the US and the governments of Greenland and Denmark for advancing a framework that strengthens security, deepens cooperation among longstanding allies and recognizes Greenland’s importance to the future of the United States and the Western alliance. We believe that same strategic importance extends to the critical minerals required for defense, advanced technology and energy security.”

Greenland, a self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, has stressed that the new arrangement does not transfer sovereignty to the United States. Danish and Greenlandic officials have characterized the agreement as an expansion of security cooperation in the Arctic and North Atlantic rather than a transfer of ownership or governmental control.

Denmark’s Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen expressed optimism about the emerging agreement Saturday, writing: “Next week could be a good week… For both Greenland, Denmark and the USA.”

He added that the agreement could replace months of uncertainty with a formal arrangement strengthening collective defense while respecting boundaries established by Denmark and Greenland.

“As long as uncertainty is hopefully replaced by a binding agreement that strengthens security in the Arctic and the North Atlantic and thus also our common security in NATO and Europe – with respect for the Kingdom’s red lines. It is important at a time when the security policy situation in the Arctic has also changed.”

Greenlandic officials similarly welcomed the prospect of bringing months of negotiations to a conclusion. The government has publicly emphasized that any agreement must recognize Greenland’s interests and its people’s right to determine their own future.

Greenland Foreign Minister Múte B. Egede told Denmark’s TV2 that he was “pleased that we finally have an end product within reach. And it’s about time.”

Despite Trump’s description of the agreement as providing the United States with permanent security control, neither Denmark nor Greenland has publicly released the actual text. Officials also have not disclosed the full extent of any new American military deployments or facilities contemplated under the pact.

Likewise, there has been no public indication that the security agreement contains provisions specifically connected to Greenland Mines, the Sarfartoq project or U.S. access to Greenland’s rare-earth deposits. The close timing of the two developments highlights Greenland’s increasing economic as well as military importance, but does not establish that the mining acquisition and the government security negotiations were linked.

Reuters reported before Trump’s announcement that the emerging arrangement was expected to permit a substantially expanded U.S. military presence in Greenland and could accommodate elements of Trump’s planned Golden Dome missile-defense system.

The United States already maintains a major military foothold in Greenland through Pituffik Space Base, formerly known as Thule Air Base, which plays a role in missile warning, missile defense and space surveillance because of Greenland’s strategically important position between North America and the Arctic.

The new agreement comes amid intensifying competition over the Arctic, where security concerns increasingly intersect with access to minerals and other resources. Greenland possesses substantial deposits of rare-earth elements, while China currently dominates much of the global processing and refining infrastructure for materials needed for advanced technology and defense applications.

Sarfartoq could become particularly significant if Greenland Mines succeeds in bringing the project into commercial operation. The company says the ST1 deposit represents only a small portion of the project’s 191-square-kilometer exploration license, with five additional known rare-earth occurrences along a roughly 32-kilometer geological structure remaining largely unexplored.

For now, both developments remain works in progress. The Sarfartoq project must undergo further drilling, engineering, environmental studies and development before reaching production, while the U.S.-Greenland-Denmark security agreement still awaits formal signing and the required governmental procedures.

Together, however, the developments underscore why Greenland has assumed an increasingly prominent place in American strategic planning: its location is crucial to Arctic and North American defense, while beneath its territory are mineral resources that could play an important role in Western efforts to build supply chains less dependent on China.

{Matzav.com}

A NORAD F-16 fighter jet was scrambled this morning after a civilian aircraft entered restricted airspace near Camp David while President Donald Trump was staying at the presidential retreat, prompting the fighter to deploy flares before safely escorting the plane away from the protected area. Officials have given no indication that the aircraft posed a deliberate threat to the President or Camp David.

The incident unfolded at approximately 7:50 a.m. over Thurmont, Maryland, the community near Camp David in the Catoctin Mountains. According to an official military statement, the aircraft involved was a general aviation plane.

President Trump had arrived at Camp David late Friday night and was spending the weekend at the secluded presidential compound. His public schedule listed him as participating in executive time at Camp David Saturday morning.

The First Air Force, which operates under U.S. Northern Command and supports NORAD’s air-defense mission, publicly announced the violation and used the episode to remind civilian pilots about the importance of checking flight restrictions before taking off.

“Pilots! @NORADCommand fighter aircraft intercepted an aircraft violating restricted airspace over Thurmont, MD, resulting in flares being deployed,” it said.

The military added a warning to pilots about checking for restrictions before flying into an area that could be subject to heightened security measures.

“Make sure to check NOTAMs before takeoff to ensure you have current information about TFRs in your area,” the post continued, referencing Notices to Airmen and temporary flight restrictions.

Camp David and the surrounding area are subject to stringent aviation security restrictions, with additional temporary restrictions imposed when the President is at the retreat. Saturday’s violation triggered a NORAD response that placed an F-16 alongside the civilian aircraft.

During the interception, the fighter deployed flares, a maneuver that could be seen by people on the ground and was intended to attract the civilian pilot’s attention. The appearance of a military fighter and flares near the presidential retreat prompted attention in the surrounding area, but NORAD stressed that the flares themselves presented no threat to residents below.

“During the intercept, NORAD aircraft dispensed flares, which may have been visible to the public. The flares were used to draw attention from or communicate with the pilot. Flares are employed with the highest regard for safety, burn out quickly and completely, and pose no danger to people on the ground.”

After contact was established, the civilian aircraft was safely escorted out of the restricted zone, and officials reported no further incident.

Authorities did not publicly identify the pilot or provide details about the aircraft’s origin or intended destination. They also did not announce any arrest or suggest that the intrusion was intentional. The official military account described the episode simply as a general aviation aircraft entering restricted airspace.

NORAD also issued instructions for civilian pilots who unexpectedly find themselves confronted by military aircraft. Pilots are instructed to tune their radios immediately to the emergency frequencies 121.5 or 243.0 and reverse course while awaiting further instructions.

“Should NORAD aircraft intercept a general aviation aircraft, the pilot should immediately come up on frequency 121.5 or 243.0 and turn around to reverse course until receiving additional instructions on one of those frequencies,” the military said.

The Continental U.S. NORAD Region, headquartered at Tyndall Air Force Base in Florida, was the operational lead for Saturday’s interception. NORAD is responsible for aerospace warning and aerospace control across the United States and Canada, including responding when civilian aircraft enter temporary flight restrictions established to protect the President.

Saturday’s incident was not the first time NORAD fighters have been called to the Camp David area because of an airspace violation while Trump was present. Another aircraft entered restricted airspace near the presidential retreat in June while the President was staying there. In that case as well, the pilot was intercepted and safely escorted out of the restricted zone.

Trump traveled to Camp David after spending part of Friday evening at Trump National Golf Club Washington D.C. in Sterling, Virginia. According to his schedule, he departed the club shortly after 9 p.m. and arrived at Camp David at approximately 9:53 p.m.

Despite the dramatic sight of an F-16 deploying flares over the region with the President nearby, available official information did not indicate that Trump was ever in immediate danger. The military response ended with the unidentified aircraft being escorted away, and NORAD used the incident to reiterate its warning that pilots must remain aware of temporary flight restrictions before entering sensitive airspace.

{Matzav.com}

[COMMUNICATED]

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You know the feeling of giving your own child something they need and watching them light up.

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President Donald Trump has extended for another year a policy requiring employers to make a $100,000 payment for certain H-1B visa petitions involving foreign workers seeking entry into the United States, keeping the restriction in place through September 2027 even as its legality remains the subject of ongoing federal court battles.

The H-1B program allows American employers to temporarily hire foreign nationals for jobs classified as specialty occupations, including a large number of positions in the technology sector.

Trump’s administration first imposed the $100,000 requirement in September 2025 as part of a broader effort to overhaul the H-1B system. The administration says some employers have used the program to replace American employees with lower-paid foreign workers, while opponents of the policy have challenged the administration’s legal authority to impose the payment.

One of those legal disputes is now before the Boston-based 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. A federal judge ruled in June that the $100,000 requirement was unlawful and barred the government from collecting the payment. In July, the appeals court declined the Trump administration’s request to put that ruling on hold while its appeal proceeds.

A separate case is being considered by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. That dispute stems from a challenge brought by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the Association of American Universities, which unsuccessfully challenged the policy before a federal district judge in Washington. The organizations appealed that ruling.

The original presidential proclamation was scheduled to expire this month, one year after it was issued. Trump’s new proclamation extends the restrictions for an additional 12 months, through September 21, 2027.

The requirement does not apply across the board to every H-1B holder. The proclamation focuses on certain workers who are outside the United States and must seek admission to the country in order for an approved H-1B petition to take effect. It also allows the Department of Homeland Security to grant exceptions when it determines that hiring particular workers is in the national interest and does not threaten U.S. security or welfare.

The long-running debate over H-1B visas has divided employers, labor advocates and immigration-policy groups. Critics argue that companies can use the program to obtain foreign labor at lower costs and displace American employees. Business groups and technology companies counter that H-1B visas are an important mechanism for recruiting highly skilled professionals when employers cannot find enough qualified workers domestically.

Congress created the H-1B program in 1990, and it has since become particularly important to the technology industry. Companies have used the visas extensively to recruit skilled professionals from abroad, with workers from India and China among the largest groups participating in the program.

The White House said the original $100,000 requirement has already produced significant changes in H-1B filing patterns. According to administration figures, registrations submitted by the largest IT outsourcing firms have fallen 92% since the 2025 proclamation took effect. Those figures represent the administration’s assessment of the policy’s impact.

The administration on Friday also announced additional changes aimed at tightening oversight of the H-1B system. Among other measures, federal agencies were directed to consider whether companies seeking H-1B workers have recently laid off, or plan to lay off, similarly situated American employees.

Meanwhile, the uncertainty surrounding H-1B processing has begun affecting corporate planning. Some major users of the visa program, including Google parent Alphabet, have increased operations in India as changes to U.S. immigration rules complicate decisions about hiring and expansion in the United States.

The extension ensures that the Trump administration’s H-1B restrictions will remain a major immigration and business issue for another year, although the ultimate fate of the $100,000 requirement may depend on the outcome of the pending federal appeals.

Rep. Brad Sherman, a California Democrat with a longstanding record of support for Israel, is warning Israeli leaders and voters that American public opinion toward the Jewish state has undergone a dramatic deterioration — one he says could eventually jeopardize not only U.S. financial assistance but Israel’s access to American weapons and diplomatic backing.

Sherman issued the warning while sharing a CNN segment examining recent polling on American attitudes toward Israel. He urged Israelis to pay close attention to the numbers and said he had personally discussed the issue with Israel’s ambassador to the United States, Yechiel Leiter.

“Every Israeli official and every Israeli voter should watch this clip, which should be translated into Hebrew. Yesterday I spoke with the Israeli ambassador. I don’t think he, or most Israelis, understand what is at stake.”

Sherman argued that the potential consequences extend well beyond the billions of dollars in annual U.S. military assistance Israel receives. In his view, a sustained decline in American backing could ultimately have implications for Israel’s access to U.S. weapons, diplomatic support from Washington and its broader international standing.

The congressman also directed sharp criticism at the Israeli government, arguing that Israel has failed to devote sufficient resources to its Foreign Ministry and to improving its image internationally. He singled out National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir’s presence in the government as particularly damaging.

“Ben-Gvir in the cabinet is an existential threat. Israel cannot survive without friends in the world,” he declared.

Sherman’s comments came against the backdrop of polling highlighted by CNN showing a major change in American attitudes toward Israel over the past eight years. CNN chief data analyst Harry Enten said Israel’s average net favorability stood at plus 51 percentage points in 2018, during President Donald Trump’s first term, compared with minus 16 points in the polls analyzed in July 2026 — a 67-point swing.

CNN cited four separate national surveys — conducted by Ipsos, Fox News, Marquette University Law School and Pew Research Center — in which Israel registered negative net favorability ratings, ranging from minus 10 to minus 23 points. Enten said the findings indicated that the change in attitudes was no longer confined to Democrats or the political left, but was evident among the broader American electorate.

The CNN segment also cited polling showing 55% of Americans saying U.S. military assistance to Israel should be reduced or ended. Separately, a September Marquette Law School national survey found that 55% of adults believed the United States was providing Israel with too much military aid, while 33% said the current level was about right and 12% said it was insufficient.

Sherman’s warning is particularly notable because of his lengthy record as an advocate of strong U.S.-Israel relations. He has served in Congress since 1997 and currently holds senior positions on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, including serving as the ranking Democrat on its Middle East and North Africa Subcommittee.

His message to Israeli officials and voters was that the shifting political environment in the United States should not be viewed solely through the traditional debate over foreign aid. Sherman argued that continued erosion in public attitudes toward Israel could eventually carry broader consequences for the strategic and diplomatic relationship between the two countries.

{Matzav.com}